Frontiers in Protein and Peptide Sciences

Volume: 2

Molecular Pharming: Research, Developments and Future Perspective

Author(s): Muhammad Sarwar Khan*, Ghulam Mustafa and Faiz Ahmad Joyia

Pp: 119-161 (43)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815036663121020008

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Plants are tamed to function as production factories of pharmaceuticals. Recently, several pharmaceuticals, including therapeutics, drugs, vaccines, vitamins, antibiotics, nutraceuticals, and diagnostic molecules, have been produced through these green factories. Compared with conventional systems, for example, bacterial, yeast, fungal, and mammalian cell cultures, plants are accepted as a cost-effective source of pharmaceuticals products. Considering plants as a versatile, cost-effective, and robust production platform, the system could be exploited in different ways like plant cell culture, transient expression and harvesting, and stable transgenics. This chapter highlights the importance and potential of molecular pharming with special emphasis on methodological aspects, proving the suitability of plants as the most appropriate biopharmaceutical production platform with recent interventions.


Keywords: Biopharmaceuticals, Cell culture, Cost-effective, Plant expression system, Recent innovations.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316419989 and j.to_ip >=316419989 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847152 and j.to_date >= 1739847152 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 15994) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316419989 and j.to_ip >=316419989 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847152 and j.to_date >= 1739847152 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 15994) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316419989 and j.to_ip >=316419989 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847152 and j.to_date >= 1739847152 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 15994)
      610μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3159 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739847152 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739847152 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.13msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3159
      • 3: 1739847152
      • 4: 1739847152
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='ee29c10f36d69db69321ae7ca2591319'
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    5Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        qodcRT9tB5491rqeMJJdXC3M6D2x1OaDV875Tm6p
        uc_cart_id
        ee29c10f36d69db69321ae7ca2591319
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/15994" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/15994
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
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        content_type
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        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
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        request_cookies
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        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-18 02:52:32GET/chapter/15994112197