Abstract
Antioxidants are used to inhibit the deterioration of a molecule and are used at a low concentration to slow or avoid the degradation of a molecule. They have the ability to chelate transition metals and work through a variety of synthetic processes like hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and single electron transfer (SET). Understanding the biology of antioxidants, their possible applications, and their synthesis using different biotechnological methods are important aspects of antioxidant mechanisms. Antioxidant molecules can react in one of two ways: through multiple mechanisms or through a single mechanism. Understanding the antioxidant reaction process is possible due to the molecular structure of the antioxidant material. This chapter presents an overview of various antioxidants, their reaction mechanism against free radicals as well as the most utilized techniques to assess their different activities.
Keywords: Antioxidant activity, Antioxidant screening assays, Antioxidant, Free radicals, Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), Reactive oxygen species, Single electron transfer (SET).
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