Hydraulic Power Plants: A Textbook for Engineering Students

Reaction Turbines

Author(s): Jafar Mehdi Hassan, Salman Hussien Omran, Laith Jaafer Habeeb, Alamaslamani Ammar Fadhil Shnawa and Adrian Ciocănea

Pp: 49-102 (54)

DOI: 10.2174/9789811494123121010005

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

In a reaction turbine, the runner utilizes both potential and kinetic energies. As flows through the stationary part of the turbine, the whole of its pressure energy is not transformed into kinetic energy and when the water flows through the moving parts, there is a change both in pressure and in the direction and velocity of flow of water. As the water gives up its energy to the runner, both its pressure and absolute velocity were reduced. The water, which acts on the runner blades is under a pressure above atmospheric and the runner passages are always completely filled with water.

The important reaction turbines are Francis and Kaplan which are discussed in this chapter according to their specification related to hydro–electric power plant. Theory for each type presented with sort notes and solved problems.


Keywords: Draft Tube, Flowrate through Reaction Turbine, Net Head, Reaction Turbine, Supply and discharge systems, Velocity Triangle.

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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
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      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
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      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 309725698 and j.to_ip >=309725698 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847395 and j.to_date >= 1739847395 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 14539) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 309725698 and j.to_ip >=309725698 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847395 and j.to_date >= 1739847395 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 14539) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 309725698 and j.to_ip >=309725698 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847395 and j.to_date >= 1739847395 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 14539)
      720μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3042 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739847395 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739847395 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.13msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3042
      • 3: 1739847395
      • 4: 1739847395
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='cb528a3f2686e2d9d27641f705ccdb2c'
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    6Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        Yli2esBqdZuuLlg0qrNtGxkhs5G04RIGQaowLN0l
        uc_cart_id
        cb528a3f2686e2d9d27641f705ccdb2c
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/14539" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/14539
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InpTK3d4OGIzeDNzZjVHT2dmMS9kcFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUGdsbXNCZmRwb2wzQzJRVllPWXg5YUd6b2loMVBkU205cDNzempBUEVxTXpQNkYyQTNQVzcvWVFhNFZmVnJsNSIsIm1hYyI6IjExYjViODdkYzRjNzYyZDFiYjc4NGUwZGE0OGZiOTcxMDViZGQwNGJlYmNmZjEwNDFhZjkzNGZiNWVjNTZiMTMiLCJ0YWciOiIifQ%3D%3D; XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InR5ZnhOdVpBZ2E1ZUV2WndvS3NDbVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRlExQ0V5YXdoRHM5K2EyTWFqU29sN2lhYkN2ZGZsR3R6d0J0TTVUbWttUkc3T3gvRUpZYTg4WG9OeEdrNkNtQUNBLzBlOWNHQ2ZNaFFwblFlK1owem5Ea1l4dWFMSDB0aGFsaS9OWGhsZWpXck9FN3Z0OGtBYUhDcEpSK05TOXYiLCJtYWMiOiIxZDVhOTE3MTVmNzRiYWQ0YmMxYzgwYmFmZTA3MGQ0OTFmODc4ZWFhZDNkM2RiYWE5ZTU1Y2JmZTk0YTc4NTI5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ik91U0ZGVnMxM1lzUmNLcmhpeC9zT1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZjlJN3E1UzJiK0Y0ZDQ5bDJVa1pKNG92Yng5eUxBRjBnbnBBZ0F5aE9JSGF3bjZ3djZoVGNXTlk3SGhaMUEwNkg1R0pneTR2WGtYc2VnN3RzYWQxcWNpVXYycm5mL0lCNXdXS0ZFeEVmODJjWlM4aUxqZFU5aGJ4b0tpL0VYY1MiLCJtYWMiOiI1NDdmZGRmMTY0NGVmZjI4ZDZmNWYxNzdjODQ4NDZhZGJiOGFjNTVmMTY0ZTRlYTYyMDBiZDM4MmZiYmU1ZDUwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InpTK3d4OGIzeDNzZjVHT2dmMS9kcFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUGdsbXNCZmRwb2wzQzJRVllPWXg5YUd6b2loMVBkU205cDNzempBUEVxTXpQNkYyQTNQVzcvWVFhNFZmVnJsNSIs" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:3 [ "wayfindertarget" => null "XSRF-TOKEN" => "Yli2esBqdZuuLlg0qrNtGxkhs5G04RIGQaowLN0l" "alphaeurekaselectnet_session" => "kp5HvzVuXGq6hLhBkVBAyAktiRd0FhBEmkZe5STz" ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
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        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "Yli2esBqdZuuLlg0qrNtGxkhs5G04RIGQaowLN0l" "uc_cart_id" => "cb528a3f2686e2d9d27641f705ccdb2c" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/14539" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-18 02:56:35GET/chapter/14539112198