Biodiversity and Livelihood: Lessons from Community Research in India

Successful Livelihood Models through BMCs in India

Author(s): K. P. Laladhas, Fr. Roy John, V. Saraswathy, Erach Bharucha, Achuth Sankar S. Nair and Oommen V. Oommen

Pp: 227-238 (12)

DOI: 10.2174/9789811482151120010020

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

India is a mega-biodiverse country, home to nearly eight per cent of the world’s total recorded species of plants and animals. The conservation of our heretic biodiversity, sustainable utilization of its resources and access and benefit sharing of its bioresources by the statutory biodiversity management committees (BMC) and selfhelp groups at local level is a remarkably replicable model. Participatory, local level traditionally linked, viable alternative methods are employed to conserve our precious bioresources and some of the successful models can be identified at local level which can be duplicated across the world for the management of biodiversity. Biodiversity can be aligned with the livelihood primarily in terms of their dependence for food, medicine and shelter and subsequently trade and economic needs. By our successful models, local people support rather than resist efforts to protect wildlife and biodiversity. Some of the models include Common man’s Tuber conservancy from Wayanad, Kerala, conservation and trade of millets by poor Dalit women (The millet sisters) from Medak district of Telengana State, ABS from broom grass employed by BMC of Raipassa, a small tribal village of Tripura State. BMC of Pithorabad established organic wheat marketing linked to local livelihood, BMC, Eraviperoor employed best practise agriculture, and livelihood developments in Modi (Jheri) Village in Asifabad District of Telengana. Sustainable marketing practice established by BMC of Sikaribari from Tripura, sustainable trade and ABS for Medicinal plant resource trade by BMC of Kalmegh and neem leaf trade by Andhra SBB are some of the replicable models. People’s artificial reefs for sustainable livelihood for fisher folks of Kerala, sustainable trading of snake venom by Irula tribal Cooperative society, trade and sustainable conservation of environmentally acclaimed Ongole breed's successfully to many countries, and ABS employed by Indian Institute of Oil Research accessed microbial bio resources for insect pest and plant disease management of crops, are noteworthy.


Keywords: ABS, BMC, Livelihood model, Local level conservation.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316686355 and j.to_ip >=316686355 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740496036 and j.to_date >= 1740496036 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 14273) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316686355 and j.to_ip >=316686355 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740496036 and j.to_date >= 1740496036 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 14273) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316686355 and j.to_ip >=316686355 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740496036 and j.to_date >= 1740496036 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 14273)
      2.13msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2909 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740496036 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740496036 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2909
      • 3: 1740496036
      • 4: 1740496036
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='304d772e6db00b8a440e09ee79c7715d'
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    4Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        odCX1Dl7TbbIZo55eA2m48NG440etwNjWcEVLPnq
        uc_cart_id
        304d772e6db00b8a440e09ee79c7715d
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/14273" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/14273
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6Ii9Hb2R1L2ZWeFRjaGtIUFZaaDFBWWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMlJYLzIzdWEvYlJMcEZaRFkxVVZNSE05dWc1WGdqWk5RSVZDSCtoRkE5MD0iLCJtYWMiOiI4ZTY5YjFkNzE0YjBhZDEwM2NjMjdhYjJkNDczYjlmOTJhYTkzODMwYzJjYzE3MDU5ZTRjMGViNzE3MjY0NGQ4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6Ii9Hb2R1L2ZWeFRjaGtIUFZaaDFBWWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMlJYLzIzdWEvYlJMcEZaRFkxVVZNSE05dWc1WGdqWk5RSVZDSCtoRkE5MD0iLCJtYWMiOiI4ZTY5YjFkNzE0YjBh" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 15:07:16 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkxTS2luQU5yQ0t3L2V0YS92clkydGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidnBwNzVyWWI3YnVGbkErNkFHeTZPRDIzZmZtRjVyc3R6dGNJVmZna0VGdUJVVVpoK2hTYWkwMDNITHQ0MDlRWUF1S3g1bEk3QWpodGNZaXZKZXBKZ1JMeFkzeE5kb0wyUlRqVnp5NUNHMVkyTW1aRkphV2hRVkVGUzd1WkNSNnEiLCJtYWMiOiI5MGFiNzgxYWE1ODlkNWI2NWRhZGIyNTI2M2U4YmRjODZiZjI0MDU0NzBkNjk4ZWFkNWVjMmE2MmRhMmNhNTQzIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 03:07:16 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkxTS2luQU5yQ0t3L2V0YS92clkydGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidnBwNzVyWWI3YnVGbkErNkFHeTZPRDIzZmZtRjVyc3R6dGNJVmZna0VGdUJVVVpoK2hTYWkwMDNITHQ0MDlRWUF1S3g1b" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkY1aHVwNVFXS3MybG1GMUFsQXE5OHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVHdmZDVOZHQ5aWUxWWkwOStjbFdqZDJnOWZsb0MxdHk5Nm9mUktDT3A4WmNoR1VJazNSNkJCU1hCY01SRzNQSTZ6bFFsSVVJdnhkZlZ0dzZOOHdqb0RZL0pkdFFqRXhzSEVQM3VRaDFwcGVkZ0UzdXlaM25ScStvK1duaHNrVkIiLCJtYWMiOiI1M2I5NzQ5ZTA5M2VmY2QzNjg5MDljNGZkNmU4MWVhYTkwYzAwZjI0MmY1NzUwZTdhMjJiYzZhYTJlNjcxM2RmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkY1aHVwNVFXS3MybG1GMUFsQXE5OHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVHdmZDVOZHQ5aWUxWWkwOStjbFdqZDJnOWZsb0MxdHk5Nm9mUktDT3A4WmNoR1VJazNSNkJCU1h" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkxTS2luQU5yQ0t3L2V0YS92clkydGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidnBwNzVyWWI3YnVGbkErNkFHeTZPRDIzZmZtRjVyc3R6dGNJVmZna0VGdUJVVVpoK2hTYWkwMDNITHQ0MDlRWUF1S3g1bEk3QWpodGNZaXZKZXBKZ1JMeFkzeE5kb0wyUlRqVnp5NUNHMVkyTW1aRkphV2hRVkVGUzd1WkNSNnEiLCJtYWMiOiI5MGFiNzgxYWE1ODlkNWI2NWRhZGIyNTI2M2U4YmRjODZiZjI0MDU0NzBkNjk4ZWFkNWVjMmE2MmRhMmNhNTQzIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 03:07:16 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkxTS2luQU5yQ0t3L2V0YS92clkydGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidnBwNzVyWWI3YnVGbkErNkFHeTZPRDIzZmZtRjVyc3R6dGNJVmZna0VGdUJVVVpoK2hTYWkwMDNITHQ0MDlRWUF1S3g1b" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkY1aHVwNVFXS3MybG1GMUFsQXE5OHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVHdmZDVOZHQ5aWUxWWkwOStjbFdqZDJnOWZsb0MxdHk5Nm9mUktDT3A4WmNoR1VJazNSNkJCU1hCY01SRzNQSTZ6bFFsSVVJdnhkZlZ0dzZOOHdqb0RZL0pkdFFqRXhzSEVQM3VRaDFwcGVkZ0UzdXlaM25ScStvK1duaHNrVkIiLCJtYWMiOiI1M2I5NzQ5ZTA5M2VmY2QzNjg5MDljNGZkNmU4MWVhYTkwYzAwZjI0MmY1NzUwZTdhMjJiYzZhYTJlNjcxM2RmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkY1aHVwNVFXS3MybG1GMUFsQXE5OHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVHdmZDVOZHQ5aWUxWWkwOStjbFdqZDJnOWZsb0MxdHk5Nm9mUktDT3A4WmNoR1VJazNSNkJCU1h" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "odCX1Dl7TbbIZo55eA2m48NG440etwNjWcEVLPnq" "uc_cart_id" => "304d772e6db00b8a440e09ee79c7715d" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/14273" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 15:07:16GET/chapter/14273112196