Pharmacotherapeutic Management of Cardiovascular Disease Complications: A Textbook for Medical Students

Inflammatory Heart Disease

Author(s): A. Bharath Kumar and M.S. Umashankar

Pp: 208-228 (21)

DOI: 10.2174/9789811468216120010017

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

The inflammation of the heart muscles is caused by the virus, fungi, bacteria, food, smoke, air, and parasites that increase the inflammatory conditions in the heart muscles known as inflammatory heart disease. Endocarditis is an infection that occurs in the inner lining of the heart valves. Endocarditis commonly occurs by the bacteria, fungi or other microbial species present in the body, reaches the blood stream and leads to damaging the heart. Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium which is present in the middle layer of the heart. It is caused by a viral species infection. The clinical manifestations of the myocarditis include chest pain, fatigue, edema, breathlessness, joint pain, fever, weakness, palpitations and abnormal heart rhythms. Pericarditis is a clinical condition in which the cell membrane around the heart is inflamed. The more amount of fluid deposit around the heart may increase the risk of inflammation and causes pericarditis. The electrocardiogram, chest x-ray, echocardiogram, treadmill test; coronary angiogram test can determine the severity of cardiovascular disease. The management of inflammatory heart disease includes antibiotics, corticosteroids, antiplatelets, diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and beta blockers control the progression of inflammatory situations associated with the heart.


Keywords: Antibiotics, Antiplatelets, Electrocardiogram, Endocarditis, Myocarditis, Pericarditis.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59780576 and j.to_ip >=59780576 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740458577 and j.to_date >= 1740458577 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 13990) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59780576 and j.to_ip >=59780576 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740458577 and j.to_date >= 1740458577 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 13990) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59780576 and j.to_ip >=59780576 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740458577 and j.to_date >= 1740458577 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 13990)
      920μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2883 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740458577 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740458577 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.62msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2883
      • 3: 1740458577
      • 4: 1740458577
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='f79cd9886b489504c3155415e4eae973'
      370μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    6Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        vvjF85jspKaK5Kwpgx5KMk3KV224G81v4naVs4VT
        uc_cart_id
        f79cd9886b489504c3155415e4eae973
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/13990" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/13990
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InkzdFQ2N2hCQlkxRjNQaDdSUXNWK1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV3FCdTdZeE9YQ3JBcTlDUlM3ZlZadDJhejJzYXRuNUsrNkpyNEkwZlI0cz0iLCJtYWMiOiIzZTA4MDUyYjEwNmMyMTdlOTM1MWNhNDcwYTc3NzkwOTI2Nzk5NzVkMWQ3NzM5MjE0MDk1N2IwZjNkYWU5OWM2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InkzdFQ2N2hCQlkxRjNQaDdSUXNWK1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV3FCdTdZeE9YQ3JBcTlDUlM3ZlZadDJhejJzYXRuNUsrNkpyNEkwZlI0cz0iLCJtYWMiOiIzZTA4MDUyYjEwNmMy" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 04:42:57 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InBicnZaOWJ2dDl3bnd1UDJuK2NQbEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNEJlSmwyeGYwdm0xeGJNdkFGeGpSQmhXSG81c3FDT0gySlJxWFl1MGVoUzMreUNBUXZ2YUsrdnFtdXByalNoelplNjJqNFlHRDhhMnVEZWtTU2ZodUpBazdqWXcwY3FDbVFGdzFEd0p4WHdRSUdValpKbjhXbVhwb0NGblJDT0ciLCJtYWMiOiI3YjdhODdiMjdmNGVlZTY4YTc2NjljNmNlNDEyMTAxYWQxN2MxNTI3Y2UzYjdiYjFhMGM2NTYyMDQzMmFkYzdkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 27 Feb 2025 16:42:57 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InBicnZaOWJ2dDl3bnd1UDJuK2NQbEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNEJlSmwyeGYwdm0xeGJNdkFGeGpSQmhXSG81c3FDT0gySlJxWFl1MGVoUzMreUNBUXZ2YUsrdnFtdXByalNoelplNjJqN" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InJTTk5aS0pseUdzeWF6UjdMc3EzL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieHhjdmVoZ0xyUmtJelB4UGhTRjNrNGNCbU9wcFRjeXhRMnlWY3ZmT1VBbkN2NXBxY1pPcXNhL1Y5VStzL09aekc0MFJibjBJa0JqeFBTaHZZaTVKNEUyMkYxWmx3dkpIWFF0bWtFMEtFRDdwUDFUZlJKbzducU1MeWNEeUJwYVAiLCJtYWMiOiJjNmZjMzQ5ZWE2ZGRlZDRiNzFjNWNmZTBkMjcwOWM5ZTQ4OTA4YzQ1NWU1NDM4NTI4OTkzYmRlNDdjMGFjMTg1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InJTTk5aS0pseUdzeWF6UjdMc3EzL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieHhjdmVoZ0xyUmtJelB4UGhTRjNrNGNCbU9wcFRjeXhRMnlWY3ZmT1VBbkN2NXBxY1pPcXNhL1Y" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InBicnZaOWJ2dDl3bnd1UDJuK2NQbEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNEJlSmwyeGYwdm0xeGJNdkFGeGpSQmhXSG81c3FDT0gySlJxWFl1MGVoUzMreUNBUXZ2YUsrdnFtdXByalNoelplNjJqNFlHRDhhMnVEZWtTU2ZodUpBazdqWXcwY3FDbVFGdzFEd0p4WHdRSUdValpKbjhXbVhwb0NGblJDT0ciLCJtYWMiOiI3YjdhODdiMjdmNGVlZTY4YTc2NjljNmNlNDEyMTAxYWQxN2MxNTI3Y2UzYjdiYjFhMGM2NTYyMDQzMmFkYzdkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 27-Feb-2025 16:42:57 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InBicnZaOWJ2dDl3bnd1UDJuK2NQbEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNEJlSmwyeGYwdm0xeGJNdkFGeGpSQmhXSG81c3FDT0gySlJxWFl1MGVoUzMreUNBUXZ2YUsrdnFtdXByalNoelplNjJqN" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InJTTk5aS0pseUdzeWF6UjdMc3EzL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieHhjdmVoZ0xyUmtJelB4UGhTRjNrNGNCbU9wcFRjeXhRMnlWY3ZmT1VBbkN2NXBxY1pPcXNhL1Y5VStzL09aekc0MFJibjBJa0JqeFBTaHZZaTVKNEUyMkYxWmx3dkpIWFF0bWtFMEtFRDdwUDFUZlJKbzducU1MeWNEeUJwYVAiLCJtYWMiOiJjNmZjMzQ5ZWE2ZGRlZDRiNzFjNWNmZTBkMjcwOWM5ZTQ4OTA4YzQ1NWU1NDM4NTI4OTkzYmRlNDdjMGFjMTg1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InJTTk5aS0pseUdzeWF6UjdMc3EzL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieHhjdmVoZ0xyUmtJelB4UGhTRjNrNGNCbU9wcFRjeXhRMnlWY3ZmT1VBbkN2NXBxY1pPcXNhL1Y" ] ]
        session_attributes
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        array:5 [ "_token" => "vvjF85jspKaK5Kwpgx5KMk3KV224G81v4naVs4VT" "uc_cart_id" => "f79cd9886b489504c3155415e4eae973" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/13990" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 04:42:57GET/chapter/13990112198