Bacterial Diseases

Peptic Ulcer: A Helicobacter Pylori Infection

Author(s): Muhammad Imran Qadir and Fatima Rehan

Pp: 136-139 (4)

DOI: 10.2174/9789811473760120010033

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori infection which is a constantly occurring disease causes damage to normal regulation and function of gastric acid. It was estimated that peptic ulcer infection was developed in about only 15% of persons that were infected with Helicobacter pylori. Burning, epigastric pain, and nocturnal pain after food intake are typical symptoms. Urea breath test, stool antigen test, or an endoscopic biopsy and ELISA may be performed as a diagnostic test for confirmation of occurrence of Helicobacter pylori infection in peptic ulcer patients. Management for peptic ulcer infection includes drug treatment and surgery.


Keywords: Diagnosis Test, H. pylori, Managements, Peptic Ulcer.

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Request history8.2.27PHP Version221msRequest Duration26MBMemory UsageGET chapter/{id}/{param?}Route
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      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
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      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
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      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
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      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
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      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
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      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
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      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
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      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
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      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
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      760μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
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      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
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      460μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
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      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
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      560μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
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      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
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      • 13. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:271
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1438
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) rcd from `ebook_volume` where `ebook_id` = 820 and ebook_volume_id <> 2880 limit 1
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      • 14. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:999
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1462
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '13945' and content_type = 'c' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      320μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '2880' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316674267 and j.to_ip >=316674267 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848393 and j.to_date >= 1739848393 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2880) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316674267 and j.to_ip >=316674267 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848393 and j.to_date >= 1739848393 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2880) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316674267 and j.to_ip >=316674267 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848393 and j.to_date >= 1739848393 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2880)
      710μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316674267 and j.to_ip >=316674267 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848393 and j.to_date >= 1739848393 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 13945) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316674267 and j.to_ip >=316674267 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848393 and j.to_date >= 1739848393 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 13945) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316674267 and j.to_ip >=316674267 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848393 and j.to_date >= 1739848393 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 13945)
      670μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2880 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739848393 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739848393 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.08msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2880
      • 3: 1739848393
      • 4: 1739848393
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='ae7bf8735366ff04d46847c1214a4176'
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    4Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        qtFsnOmG7NvnD0DQdF98SioL7u0NT1hGJFb5RR6u
        uc_cart_id
        ae7bf8735366ff04d46847c1214a4176
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/13945" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/13945
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:16 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 18 Feb 2025 03:13:13 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImpwMHFnZUprSEsvd05XWTdRQ2ZwOUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibWg2dVdIRGlFbXVTTERxTk5McDFDWGlPNFg3KytKUVJ6Mk1ISFNmbGtDZEZDZksrMUh1akxXa01iVVhuK3pGb0cyMWZJWWlObEFNbmo5UkVlWlllZ3BiR3drN0o5alJCS0tnbFlacm45YW9wVlE3cFVQOE1iOHphN3FoY252UXMiLCJtYWMiOiJmOTA4ZjJjN2FjMTJiYzhiOGY1OGRjMjM4Zjk3Nzc2ZjkxZGYzYmJjZDAzY2NiZDcxYjYwMTE5NzNmNzNmZTE0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 15:13:13 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImpwMHFnZUprSEsvd05XWTdRQ2ZwOUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibWg2dVdIRGlFbXVTTERxTk5McDFDWGlPNFg3KytKUVJ6Mk1ISFNmbGtDZEZDZksrMUh1akxXa01iVVhuK3pGb0cyMWZJW" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlVsdGpQYlQ2c2JSckZWaUM0SUlidFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVlJvN2lCWXk5R3IvaUh3WkR5Yk8zZEtoTVpLcmRXZTlzdUcrUU9ZeW5PV0cveHdUNnR5RXJWbFR6MEJkSnhlZm8wS2l1VHgrV0NkbkNmVEtMYUllWlgzcVArZTladFhiT29CeWZKdlVtRGdHRUNRRnFlZmI3ZE9hSUdiOVJVTDkiLCJtYWMiOiJkMjQ1ZGY2ZThjZGNmNGEyYTQxNDJhYzcwMWQ4OWE3NDFlMjBmNDcxMGNkN2MwZjI4YzA0NDcyNTg2NDBmMmI0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlVsdGpQYlQ2c2JSckZWaUM0SUlidFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVlJvN2lCWXk5R3IvaUh3WkR5Yk8zZEtoTVpLcmRXZTlzdUcrUU9ZeW5PV0cveHdUNnR5RXJWbFR" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImpwMHFnZUprSEsvd05XWTdRQ2ZwOUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibWg2dVdIRGlFbXVTTERxTk5McDFDWGlPNFg3KytKUVJ6Mk1ISFNmbGtDZEZDZksrMUh1akxXa01iVVhuK3pGb0cyMWZJWWlObEFNbmo5UkVlWlllZ3BiR3drN0o5alJCS0tnbFlacm45YW9wVlE3cFVQOE1iOHphN3FoY252UXMiLCJtYWMiOiJmOTA4ZjJjN2FjMTJiYzhiOGY1OGRjMjM4Zjk3Nzc2ZjkxZGYzYmJjZDAzY2NiZDcxYjYwMTE5NzNmNzNmZTE0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 15:13:13 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImpwMHFnZUprSEsvd05XWTdRQ2ZwOUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibWg2dVdIRGlFbXVTTERxTk5McDFDWGlPNFg3KytKUVJ6Mk1ISFNmbGtDZEZDZksrMUh1akxXa01iVVhuK3pGb0cyMWZJW" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlVsdGpQYlQ2c2JSckZWaUM0SUlidFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVlJvN2lCWXk5R3IvaUh3WkR5Yk8zZEtoTVpLcmRXZTlzdUcrUU9ZeW5PV0cveHdUNnR5RXJWbFR6MEJkSnhlZm8wS2l1VHgrV0NkbkNmVEtMYUllWlgzcVArZTladFhiT29CeWZKdlVtRGdHRUNRRnFlZmI3ZE9hSUdiOVJVTDkiLCJtYWMiOiJkMjQ1ZGY2ZThjZGNmNGEyYTQxNDJhYzcwMWQ4OWE3NDFlMjBmNDcxMGNkN2MwZjI4YzA0NDcyNTg2NDBmMmI0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlVsdGpQYlQ2c2JSckZWaUM0SUlidFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVlJvN2lCWXk5R3IvaUh3WkR5Yk8zZEtoTVpLcmRXZTlzdUcrUU9ZeW5PV0cveHdUNnR5RXJWbFR" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "qtFsnOmG7NvnD0DQdF98SioL7u0NT1hGJFb5RR6u" "uc_cart_id" => "ae7bf8735366ff04d46847c1214a4176" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/13945" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-18 03:13:13GET/chapter/13945112196