Bacterial Diseases

Buruli Ulcer: Mycobacterium Ulcerans is the Causative Agent

Author(s): Muhammad Imran Qadir and Munaza Gilani

Pp: 103-107 (5)

DOI: 10.2174/9789811473760120010026

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Buruli ulcer also called Brainsdale ulcer is the chronic, debilitating subcutaneous destructive infection of the skin, soft tissue, and adipose tissue. Mycobacterium ulcerans is the causative agent of BU. The infection of BU is prevalent in many areas of the world. However, wetlands and tropic to sub-tropic areas are more prone. The disease can be diagnosed by expert physicians as it can be confused with the other skin infection.IS2404 PCR is mostly used for the diagnosis of BU. Antibiotics and surgery are frequently used for the treatment. Heat treatment has also been found effective for BU. The condition could lead to disabilities if not treated on time such as amputation of the vital organ i.e. eye or the limbs. The affected person may face the problem of social stigma and economic challenges as a consequence of these disabilities. No vaccines are available yet for BU. However, short-lived protection is obtained using the BCG vaccine. The disease is not fatal, however.


Keywords: Deformities, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Necrotizing Ulceration, Rifampicin.

Related Journals
Related Books
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version195msRequest Duration26MBMemory UsageGET chapter/{id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[03:15:08] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $id declared before required parameter $request is implic...
  • Booting (106ms)time
  • Application (89.21ms)time
  • 1 x Booting (54.25%)
    106ms
    1 x Application (45.75%)
    89.21ms
    12 templates were rendered
    • ebook.chapter_detailschapter_details.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.chapter_header_sectionchapter_header_section.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_top_bannerchapter_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_bottom_bannerchapter_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.ebook_right_bannerebook_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET chapter/{id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ChapterController@GetChapterDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    chapter
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1350-1704
    19 statements were executed33.02ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('51286341','',1,1739848508,1739848508) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1739848508
      1.2msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('51286341','/chapter/13938',1,1739848508,1739848508)
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51286341 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51286341) limit 1
      18.45msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 51286341
      • 1: 51286341
      • 2: 51286341
      • 3: 51286341
      • 4: 51286341
      • 5: 51286341
      • 6: 51286341
      • 7: 51286341
      • 8: 51286341
      • 9: 51286341
      • 10: 51286341
      • 11: 51286341
      • 12: 51286341
      • 13: 51286341
      • 14: 51286341
      • 15: 51286341
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • select * from `chapter` where `chapter_id` = '13938' limit 1
      350μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1406
      Bindings
      • 0: 13938
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1406
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`chapter_id` = '13938' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      890μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 13938
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1411
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `keywords` where `chapter_id` = '13938'
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1415
      Bindings
      • 0: 13938
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1415
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select * from `ebook` where `ebook_id` = 820 limit 1
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1430
      Bindings
      • 0: 820
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1430
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=820) and se.ebook_id!=820 and v.ebook_status='1'
      4.12msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=820) and se.ebook_id!=820 and v.ebook_status='1' limit 10 offset 0
      1.03msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=820)
      560μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct j.nid as journal_nid,j.title,j.subtitle,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword,sj.journal_id,j.image_file_name,j.flyer_link from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=820) limit 10 offset 0
      590μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `e`.*, `a`.*, `y`.`year`, `e`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebook_volume_id`, `a`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebk_vol_id`, `e`.`ebook_id` as `ebk_ebook_id` from `ebook_volume` as `e` left join `author` as `a` on `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = `a`.`ebook_volume_id` left join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `e`.`year_id` where `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = 2880 and `e`.`is_uploaded` = 1
      620μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#271
      Bindings
      • 0: 2880
      • 1: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:271
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1438
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) rcd from `ebook_volume` where `ebook_id` = 820 and ebook_volume_id <> 2880 limit 1
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#999
      Bindings
      • 0: 820
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:999
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1462
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '13938' and content_type = 'c' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      390μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '2880' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51286341 and j.to_ip >=51286341 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848508 and j.to_date >= 1739848508 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2880) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51286341 and j.to_ip >=51286341 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848508 and j.to_date >= 1739848508 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2880) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51286341 and j.to_ip >=51286341 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848508 and j.to_date >= 1739848508 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2880)
      830μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51286341 and j.to_ip >=51286341 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848508 and j.to_date >= 1739848508 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 13938) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51286341 and j.to_ip >=51286341 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848508 and j.to_date >= 1739848508 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 13938) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51286341 and j.to_ip >=51286341 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739848508 and j.to_date >= 1739848508 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 13938)
      770μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2880 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739848508 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739848508 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.49msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2880
      • 3: 1739848508
      • 4: 1739848508
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='ea5e56c91aa6fa8b0fe6f82e58ae3c5e'
      300μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    4Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        fJYlfV9l9RemF7D05QpBmUYjyxCN84N8kR7MhWK8
        uc_cart_id
        ea5e56c91aa6fa8b0fe6f82e58ae3c5e
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/13938" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/13938
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6Ims2akVXSkxWREg5TDdOSCt0VU9GUXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNFVyRUVkTno4RVRSTko0d0wyTXlxK01icFFFZ2J0a2ZPcXJ0SFZuZzBpYz0iLCJtYWMiOiI5YWU5MzVjMTczZjM5YTRmMjM2ZDY1ZGZkYWYyNjk5MTgwYjZiNmQxNjRhYjU1OTI2Zjc4ZGQ1NjI2ZTNiODRlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6Ims2akVXSkxWREg5TDdOSCt0VU9GUXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNFVyRUVkTno4RVRSTko0d0wyTXlxK01icFFFZ2J0a2ZPcXJ0SFZuZzBpYz0iLCJtYWMiOiI5YWU5MzVjMTczZjM5" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 18 Feb 2025 03:15:08 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1WQURsTXg2NEFWYnFvbXVLOEJpMnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZTJGT3VuSWVWbUIwMjF5T29lZ1RTZmVWelFjaUp2Mkp3MmpNQS9acTllVnFxdHUxRkZES1VURjluODNwVGx3djFqa2hDenNZaGJ3djJlUFJmeFpCNzBuaHlHSTNveG50YWdKQlY2Ukp1bEpBTlFJUUJlblAzeXg4ZzZ1RUVrV00iLCJtYWMiOiI2NjJhMWJjYTdhMDZhZmI5YjdjNThjOWZlMTQyMTMzZWE3NGQ5YWFkYTQxMDAxZTFjYWNiNGU1NjNhZTEwY2RkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 15:15:08 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1WQURsTXg2NEFWYnFvbXVLOEJpMnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZTJGT3VuSWVWbUIwMjF5T29lZ1RTZmVWelFjaUp2Mkp3MmpNQS9acTllVnFxdHUxRkZES1VURjluODNwVGx3djFqa2hDe" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjQ0M2dsU3l1Z1R5dkg0UEc2QjVtU1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUUJyYWVOZnNWajZ0c2ZOREE2dE0vMUR6alBXRlNVTDNZOTFoUDFRcUdSZU1qdllDOHdXN2FyTFk1UDBvZFZtRzBEVGQ4Z1pwN0kyL25HQUFnWVlJWnp5bDJSZW0yUmp1TEZpU3pHdWo0WFJxaDF3SWh0UmptZkJ3WG9WWmJOS3ciLCJtYWMiOiI5ZGE1MDcwNjQ5NTIzZTlmMTQ3NTQ0YTFkY2IzOWM4ZmIzZDdiZmFiODdiNGQ0MDUzZmE5MTUwZWMxM2I4MDIwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjQ0M2dsU3l1Z1R5dkg0UEc2QjVtU1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUUJyYWVOZnNWajZ0c2ZOREE2dE0vMUR6alBXRlNVTDNZOTFoUDFRcUdSZU1qdllDOHdXN2FyTFk" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1WQURsTXg2NEFWYnFvbXVLOEJpMnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZTJGT3VuSWVWbUIwMjF5T29lZ1RTZmVWelFjaUp2Mkp3MmpNQS9acTllVnFxdHUxRkZES1VURjluODNwVGx3djFqa2hDenNZaGJ3djJlUFJmeFpCNzBuaHlHSTNveG50YWdKQlY2Ukp1bEpBTlFJUUJlblAzeXg4ZzZ1RUVrV00iLCJtYWMiOiI2NjJhMWJjYTdhMDZhZmI5YjdjNThjOWZlMTQyMTMzZWE3NGQ5YWFkYTQxMDAxZTFjYWNiNGU1NjNhZTEwY2RkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 15:15:08 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik1WQURsTXg2NEFWYnFvbXVLOEJpMnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZTJGT3VuSWVWbUIwMjF5T29lZ1RTZmVWelFjaUp2Mkp3MmpNQS9acTllVnFxdHUxRkZES1VURjluODNwVGx3djFqa2hDe" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjQ0M2dsU3l1Z1R5dkg0UEc2QjVtU1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUUJyYWVOZnNWajZ0c2ZOREE2dE0vMUR6alBXRlNVTDNZOTFoUDFRcUdSZU1qdllDOHdXN2FyTFk1UDBvZFZtRzBEVGQ4Z1pwN0kyL25HQUFnWVlJWnp5bDJSZW0yUmp1TEZpU3pHdWo0WFJxaDF3SWh0UmptZkJ3WG9WWmJOS3ciLCJtYWMiOiI5ZGE1MDcwNjQ5NTIzZTlmMTQ3NTQ0YTFkY2IzOWM4ZmIzZDdiZmFiODdiNGQ0MDUzZmE5MTUwZWMxM2I4MDIwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjQ0M2dsU3l1Z1R5dkg0UEc2QjVtU1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUUJyYWVOZnNWajZ0c2ZOREE2dE0vMUR6alBXRlNVTDNZOTFoUDFRcUdSZU1qdllDOHdXN2FyTFk" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "fJYlfV9l9RemF7D05QpBmUYjyxCN84N8kR7MhWK8" "uc_cart_id" => "ea5e56c91aa6fa8b0fe6f82e58ae3c5e" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/13938" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-18 03:15:08GET/chapter/13938112196