Structural Failure Analysis and Prediction Methods for Aerospace Vehicles and Structures

Fatigue Life Assessment for High Performance Metallic Airframe Structures - An Innovative Practical Approach

Author(s): S.A. Barter, L. Molent and R.J.H. Wanhill

Pp: 1-17 (17)

DOI: 10.2174/978160805024611001010001

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

A new fatigue lifing approach has been developed by the DSTO for high performance metallic airframe structures. This approach is based on years of inspection and analysis of fatigue cracks in many airframe components and specimens, and is now an important additional method of determining fatigue lives for aircraft in the Royal Australian Air Force fleet. Like the earlier Damage Tolerance approach developed by the United States Air Force, the DSTO approach assumes that fatigue cracking begins as soon as an aircraft enters service. However, there are major and fundamental differences. The Damage Tolerance approach specifies a "standard" set of initial crack/flaw sizes based on Non-Destructive Inspection capabilities, and the important period of early (short) crack growth is estimated from back-extrapolation of long crack growth data. On the other hand, the DSTO approach uses initial crack/flaw sizes representative of small, fatigue-initiating discontinuities in the materials and structural components, and the crack growth lives are estimated from actual data for short-to-long cracks growing from these discontinuities. Furthermore, these data, particularly for lead cracks, are characterized by exponential crack growth behaviour. Owing to this general characteristic, the DSTO approach can use growth data for the lead crack to provide reasonable lower-bound estimates of component crack growth lives. Scatter factors based on engineering judgement are then applied to these estimates to determine the maximum allowable service life.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314567762 and j.to_ip >=314567762 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495578 and j.to_date >= 1740495578 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 1349) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314567762 and j.to_ip >=314567762 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495578 and j.to_date >= 1740495578 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 1349) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314567762 and j.to_ip >=314567762 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740495578 and j.to_date >= 1740495578 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 1349)
      650μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 887 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740495578 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740495578 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 887
      • 3: 1740495578
      • 4: 1740495578
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='e266f5c583f132612ae6a4dcfa0ce8f1'
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Keywords
    1Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        7kQGZG2Xy2l3XErd6Fz3GVsZPKE73iZ9xYuFvty5
        uc_cart_id
        e266f5c583f132612ae6a4dcfa0ce8f1
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/1349" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/1349
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IktndWlYcDZIbnZyNzZqQ0Z3TEY3R2c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidkdCMUVNZy9wNTVMUGs2alNObWd4NDN3aVhFWjZzdU1NTlk0azg4Sk5Pdz0iLCJtYWMiOiIwYTM1ZmQ3ZDZlYmU5ZmJhMzBkYTVlZDNkYmM4ZmE4NWNlOTM1ZDQzN2RmN2JkNDEzMzc4MWE2MTE2MThkNDhkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IktndWlYcDZIbnZyNzZqQ0Z3TEY3R2c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidkdCMUVNZy9wNTVMUGs2alNObWd4NDN3aVhFWjZzdU1NTlk0azg4Sk5Pdz0iLCJtYWMiOiIwYTM1ZmQ3ZDZlYmU5" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 14:59:38 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkQyaUMxYmxxMkdOUzRITzZ2Nnp3VkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiai9QWTUxbnZDSUNkTW41MnNWS282blppbUcvLzdFNkFPc2hjRnVPa1diRnRudFJPTWtPVHgyS3VCSjhTSDNtVlJFRzN0dmtYU0hiOVhodXZMK3pQV0d1L2t1ckh6b2pOSWJCU3NZQ1NsbkJxc1R2Tnd3VmhEOEowNDhTRFZyVFIiLCJtYWMiOiI5ZTNkOGZmYzBlYzI3YzJhZTg5N2ZlMWM1Zjk4NDE4MmQ3MjBhNzcyNGE4NTNmZTcwNDViYWEwNzMyNjc2NjM0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 02:59:38 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkQyaUMxYmxxMkdOUzRITzZ2Nnp3VkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiai9QWTUxbnZDSUNkTW41MnNWS282blppbUcvLzdFNkFPc2hjRnVPa1diRnRudFJPTWtPVHgyS3VCSjhTSDNtVlJFRzN0d" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjNnSjM5ZFlmdlNIbU81UVdXRzdjc1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUWFRdExLN2dFeDBUcGdWQnhxZzVhcUlmdzdua3pQY1NVdURhUU95K3p5RDhCeUx0UUQzNHFnVVdoMGs0bWthZzE1OUV6UFpkYUVXZnJ6cmd3ejQ4amdjcmFzeGFPTU12M21JZnAxTW9xQU5mc1h4YVVqekxuRWlZMFVIeUo4bFgiLCJtYWMiOiJkYjViN2IyMGJmYmQxNWEzODkxODcwZjYwMWI5NDI0NjFjZWM5MmYzNWQ3MjczMmU5ZTY0ODU1ZTgyNDM4ZmFlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjNnSjM5ZFlmdlNIbU81UVdXRzdjc1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUWFRdExLN2dFeDBUcGdWQnhxZzVhcUlmdzdua3pQY1NVdURhUU95K3p5RDhCeUx0UUQzNHFnVVd" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkQyaUMxYmxxMkdOUzRITzZ2Nnp3VkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiai9QWTUxbnZDSUNkTW41MnNWS282blppbUcvLzdFNkFPc2hjRnVPa1diRnRudFJPTWtPVHgyS3VCSjhTSDNtVlJFRzN0dmtYU0hiOVhodXZMK3pQV0d1L2t1ckh6b2pOSWJCU3NZQ1NsbkJxc1R2Tnd3VmhEOEowNDhTRFZyVFIiLCJtYWMiOiI5ZTNkOGZmYzBlYzI3YzJhZTg5N2ZlMWM1Zjk4NDE4MmQ3MjBhNzcyNGE4NTNmZTcwNDViYWEwNzMyNjc2NjM0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 02:59:38 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkQyaUMxYmxxMkdOUzRITzZ2Nnp3VkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiai9QWTUxbnZDSUNkTW41MnNWS282blppbUcvLzdFNkFPc2hjRnVPa1diRnRudFJPTWtPVHgyS3VCSjhTSDNtVlJFRzN0d" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjNnSjM5ZFlmdlNIbU81UVdXRzdjc1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUWFRdExLN2dFeDBUcGdWQnhxZzVhcUlmdzdua3pQY1NVdURhUU95K3p5RDhCeUx0UUQzNHFnVVdoMGs0bWthZzE1OUV6UFpkYUVXZnJ6cmd3ejQ4amdjcmFzeGFPTU12M21JZnAxTW9xQU5mc1h4YVVqekxuRWlZMFVIeUo4bFgiLCJtYWMiOiJkYjViN2IyMGJmYmQxNWEzODkxODcwZjYwMWI5NDI0NjFjZWM5MmYzNWQ3MjczMmU5ZTY0ODU1ZTgyNDM4ZmFlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjNnSjM5ZFlmdlNIbU81UVdXRzdjc1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUWFRdExLN2dFeDBUcGdWQnhxZzVhcUlmdzdua3pQY1NVdURhUU95K3p5RDhCeUx0UUQzNHFnVVd" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "7kQGZG2Xy2l3XErd6Fz3GVsZPKE73iZ9xYuFvty5" "uc_cart_id" => "e266f5c583f132612ae6a4dcfa0ce8f1" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/1349" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 14:59:38GET/chapter/1349112193