Frontiers in Myocardia

Volume: 2

Recent Advances in BMIPP Imaging

Author(s): Takashi Kudo, Altay Myssayev and Reiko Ideguchi

Pp: 147-175 (29)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681087603118020011

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Impairments in the myocardial metabolism of fatty acids occurs not only as a result of ischemic insults, but also with any type of myocardial damage, such as radiation injuries and genetic alterations. Changes in myocardial metabolism persist after these events. BMIPP (I-123-labeled beta-methyl-p-iode-phenyl-pentadecanoic acid) is a unique radiopharmaceutical with the ability to image changes in myocardial fatty acid metabolism. Therefore, BMIPP has been widely used in the diagnosis and risk stratification of ischemic heart diseases, cardiomyopathies, and other disease conditions in Japan since its introduction to the commercial market in 1993. The main clinical target is the detection of severe ischemia and a damaged myocardium due to acute and chronic coronary artery diseases without a stress test. A recent study on BMIPP in a population of hemodialysis patients revealed that it also has potential as an important tool for managing and triaging patients with a poor prognosis in this specific population group. Furthermore, it is useful for differential diagnoses and prognostic assessments of cardiomyopathies, such as hypertrophic, dilated, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathies. The clinical utility of BMIPP has recently expanded to radiation injuries, chronic thromboembolism pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy (TGCV), and mitochondrial cardiomyopathy. The proper use of BMIPP provides important information that cannot be obtained using myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). BMIPP; more than meets the MPI.


Keywords: BMIPP, Cardiac Sarcoidosis, Cardiomyopathy, Chronic Thromboembolism Pulmonary Hypertension, Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Fatty Acid Metabolism, Hemodialysis, Heart Failure, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Ischemia, Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy, Prognosis, Radiation, Risk Assessment, Solid State Detector, Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Triglyceride Deposit Cardiomyovasculopathy.

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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316486760 and j.to_ip >=316486760 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740365948 and j.to_date >= 1740365948 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12771) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316486760 and j.to_ip >=316486760 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740365948 and j.to_date >= 1740365948 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12771) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316486760 and j.to_ip >=316486760 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740365948 and j.to_date >= 1740365948 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12771)
      650μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2631 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740365948 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740365948 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2631
      • 3: 1740365948
      • 4: 1740365948
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='f7cdeb5ea8a68a2728b20c334b5f92d4'
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    17Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        b5VJYhqWP4tSuzj96MfxvHZPilt0wI574hSS79T5
        uc_cart_id
        f7cdeb5ea8a68a2728b20c334b5f92d4
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/12771" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/12771
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IjlBWjhKYXplK1pZdFNWbCtua2VzZUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZ0Z1cFFmd1FGbDZEZWlNWEUyNW84ZlZWT3MvUVZMb05tdVFnN0Uzdzgycz0iLCJtYWMiOiI1NzJjODZkMjkyZTdmMzhlYmIxMGE2ZjNkZDhiYTBlOWIwOGI4Y2QzZTQ2NDdkNjkyNWZjYzE5MTBlNjdiMDNhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IjlBWjhKYXplK1pZdFNWbCtua2VzZUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZ0Z1cFFmd1FGbDZEZWlNWEUyNW84ZlZWT3MvUVZMb05tdVFnN0Uzdzgycz0iLCJtYWMiOiI1NzJjODZkMjkyZTdm" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 24 Feb 2025 02:59:08 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik91YUs4em05NS9hK3EvbnRPZ2xtQXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1BiU2tUU002VHJYZlI2SE1zejA1SFp5bGRFSWdRcGNtaWFGMnZ6aWJnb2NNN2haNTB5UXJpS1VLUksrNk1OOEU0anU2WEVtYVVlN3doOVdwSWh3TmtFSWZ2ZmZ2YlFWbHRoUkVtZHliWWZlVGg4elF4K3d4YzlPNnBCNDgzTXQiLCJtYWMiOiJmYTBmZTlkZjVlZTVlMzFjYTBmZTNkMzFmYTEzYmYyMjdhYTM5ZGI5ODc2MDdhMzA1OTdkMzhjYmY1ZWJhM2U5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26 Feb 2025 14:59:08 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik91YUs4em05NS9hK3EvbnRPZ2xtQXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1BiU2tUU002VHJYZlI2SE1zejA1SFp5bGRFSWdRcGNtaWFGMnZ6aWJnb2NNN2haNTB5UXJpS1VLUksrNk1OOEU0anU2W" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjVpUUsreVRWZUttZ3loVVFUZkNZTXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicWpkdEJnYU9PS25vcU5IWEs5bWUvNEN0eU03a3luY05Bam94VXdvQStycGhtdWN5bjl6V3p0Mk04dWl1SkQ1MEluTUpQU3BMUkZzd3UzUmdZdWdwVXZBSGtNZWlORXBiQldudGgzVzNDZXFNVEhJZlc0bEoyUlNiVzNBMzg3ZUEiLCJtYWMiOiIzZWY3OTZiNTRkYTFhMDQ2NTkzOGUxM2NiNTQ1Y2MzOWIyOGIxODMyOGE2MDE2ZWJjODBjNzdhZDJhYzA2YjkwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjVpUUsreVRWZUttZ3loVVFUZkNZTXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicWpkdEJnYU9PS25vcU5IWEs5bWUvNEN0eU03a3luY05Bam94VXdvQStycGhtdWN5bjl6V3p0Mk0" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik91YUs4em05NS9hK3EvbnRPZ2xtQXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1BiU2tUU002VHJYZlI2SE1zejA1SFp5bGRFSWdRcGNtaWFGMnZ6aWJnb2NNN2haNTB5UXJpS1VLUksrNk1OOEU0anU2WEVtYVVlN3doOVdwSWh3TmtFSWZ2ZmZ2YlFWbHRoUkVtZHliWWZlVGg4elF4K3d4YzlPNnBCNDgzTXQiLCJtYWMiOiJmYTBmZTlkZjVlZTVlMzFjYTBmZTNkMzFmYTEzYmYyMjdhYTM5ZGI5ODc2MDdhMzA1OTdkMzhjYmY1ZWJhM2U5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26-Feb-2025 14:59:08 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ik91YUs4em05NS9hK3EvbnRPZ2xtQXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1BiU2tUU002VHJYZlI2SE1zejA1SFp5bGRFSWdRcGNtaWFGMnZ6aWJnb2NNN2haNTB5UXJpS1VLUksrNk1OOEU0anU2W" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjVpUUsreVRWZUttZ3loVVFUZkNZTXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicWpkdEJnYU9PS25vcU5IWEs5bWUvNEN0eU03a3luY05Bam94VXdvQStycGhtdWN5bjl6V3p0Mk04dWl1SkQ1MEluTUpQU3BMUkZzd3UzUmdZdWdwVXZBSGtNZWlORXBiQldudGgzVzNDZXFNVEhJZlc0bEoyUlNiVzNBMzg3ZUEiLCJtYWMiOiIzZWY3OTZiNTRkYTFhMDQ2NTkzOGUxM2NiNTQ1Y2MzOWIyOGIxODMyOGE2MDE2ZWJjODBjNzdhZDJhYzA2YjkwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjVpUUsreVRWZUttZ3loVVFUZkNZTXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicWpkdEJnYU9PS25vcU5IWEs5bWUvNEN0eU03a3luY05Bam94VXdvQStycGhtdWN5bjl6V3p0Mk0" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "b5VJYhqWP4tSuzj96MfxvHZPilt0wI574hSS79T5" "uc_cart_id" => "f7cdeb5ea8a68a2728b20c334b5f92d4" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/12771" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-24 02:59:08GET/chapter/127711121919