Redefining University Leadership for the 21st Century

Leadership Challenge in the Case of the University of Hong Kong

Author(s): Christina Chow and Clement Leung

Pp: 110-133 (24)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681087498118010032

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

This section examines leadership challenges in the case of the University of Hong Kong. Since the handover of the former British colony to the People’s Republic of China in 1997, Hong Kong has been governed as a Special Administrative Region (SAR) under the “One Country-Two Systems” policy, able to maintain politicaleconomic autonomy from the Chinese mainland. While Hong Kong enjoys the greatest degree of freedom of any city in China, its citizens are worried that this freedom could be eroded with mainland China’s rising influence. The Occupy Central movement, which originated in 2011, evolved into a movement to Occupy Central with Love and Peace by 2013. Its aim was to promote peaceful civil disobedience and protests, with the goal of persuading Beijing to allow Hong Kong to have what they consider as genuine universal suffrage in the election of the City’s Chief Executive. The University of Hong Kong, as the city’s oldest and largest higher education institution and symbolic of the colonial past, was on a political knife-edge. Some of the University staff and students were deeply involved in the Occupy Central with Love and Peace movement. At the same time, the University was experiencing low morale as result of recent changes in governance and management reforms. The University has been transitioning from a collegiate to a corporate model of governance structure, a move which has not been completely embraced by the faculty. Universities in Hong Kong are reviewing their governance structure, since the Chancellor of each university is by default the Chief Executive of the Government of Hong Kong (formerly the Governor of Hong Kong prior to 1997). There have been calls by critics and student bodies to remove the Chief Executive as the Chancellor of the universities. It is in this climate that Professor Peter Mathieson was hired as the University’s new Vice- Chancellor. Mathieson was the first British Vice-Chancellor recruited directly from England since Dr Kenneth Ernest Robinson’s time as the University’s ninth Vice- Chancellor (1965 – 1972). Initially, his appointment was greeted with open cynicism from the University’s community. However, the following chapter analyzes the change in community opinion, as Mathieson showed extraordinary leadership in guiding the University through a complex and delicate situation. Mathieson’s strong principles and close adherence to the fundamentals of the academic mission have stood him well. The chapter begins with an explanation of the governance issues in Hong Kong universities, the Occupy Hong Kong movement, and finally, the leadership of Professor Mathieson. The analysis was based on newspaper articles, videos and meetings with Professor Mathieson.


Keywords: Academic Freedom, Academic Mission, Authentic Leadership, General Education, Governance Reforms, Hong Kong universities, Occupy Hong Kong.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316524592 and j.to_ip >=316524592 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740515022 and j.to_date >= 1740515022 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12700) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316524592 and j.to_ip >=316524592 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740515022 and j.to_date >= 1740515022 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12700) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316524592 and j.to_ip >=316524592 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740515022 and j.to_date >= 1740515022 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12700)
      570μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2522 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740515022 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740515022 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.03msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2522
      • 3: 1740515022
      • 4: 1740515022
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='e8940c28a4a5e600acc9c4908b0280b3'
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    7Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        LiP1ahBByhRo9RN0c58bN6AS009ja0cRr9aNewyh
        uc_cart_id
        e8940c28a4a5e600acc9c4908b0280b3
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/12700" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/12700
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:16 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 20:23:42 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InYrOHk5Z0tmSXVlVGVScUtha1ZORkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoic29hZVFpc2FVZFpaRXJVeUl0dkVsN2VkNG5ZYm1kekxuVHJkQ1FobUlPRzJKV1Evc2xWVURBY2Q1d3NaTWdkdGQ4ZXpJZUNybndPTzYyODhDcGpiNm9GaVZ6MHN2R1hNK2tNcHZFZjFsTzRIaG1LQXgxY21FcVpvY2FVaGZJTmMiLCJtYWMiOiJlM2Q4NzlkOGU4YjI0OTA0MzMyNTlmYTcwZjJjOTg2ODUxOGI4MzE4NTc4YmQ0YjFiNTZjYmM0ZTA1NGE3Y2RkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 08:23:42 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InYrOHk5Z0tmSXVlVGVScUtha1ZORkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoic29hZVFpc2FVZFpaRXJVeUl0dkVsN2VkNG5ZYm1kekxuVHJkQ1FobUlPRzJKV1Evc2xWVURBY2Q1d3NaTWdkdGQ4ZXpJZ" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJJN0VLYzc2ZU5DRFRCSnRXZ0xOTGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRlNObUZFOVlFRHRpTVJ4VnhwbEt0WXcvNDBtU2IwMmI3cEtYWFJLd21Mem9oZXRpUmJab2VFN0M0NU52cGhGSCtTenN3NGJJQWpNMlRMYlFXajJhNW4rN0lJWjAvOTg1akRsa1JNaGdNQ2VtK20zNlpSWEpxT2diU0RJKzlkQmkiLCJtYWMiOiI3NDY0N2MwMDZiMzU2Zjc4MjczMzU5YTA2YjVlNjRjNDg1YjJlZDUzODAyOTBlZjc4ZDI1ODllNTNhMmU0NGI2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJJN0VLYzc2ZU5DRFRCSnRXZ0xOTGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRlNObUZFOVlFRHRpTVJ4VnhwbEt0WXcvNDBtU2IwMmI3cEtYWFJLd21Mem9oZXRpUmJab2VFN0M" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InYrOHk5Z0tmSXVlVGVScUtha1ZORkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoic29hZVFpc2FVZFpaRXJVeUl0dkVsN2VkNG5ZYm1kekxuVHJkQ1FobUlPRzJKV1Evc2xWVURBY2Q1d3NaTWdkdGQ4ZXpJZUNybndPTzYyODhDcGpiNm9GaVZ6MHN2R1hNK2tNcHZFZjFsTzRIaG1LQXgxY21FcVpvY2FVaGZJTmMiLCJtYWMiOiJlM2Q4NzlkOGU4YjI0OTA0MzMyNTlmYTcwZjJjOTg2ODUxOGI4MzE4NTc4YmQ0YjFiNTZjYmM0ZTA1NGE3Y2RkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 08:23:42 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InYrOHk5Z0tmSXVlVGVScUtha1ZORkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoic29hZVFpc2FVZFpaRXJVeUl0dkVsN2VkNG5ZYm1kekxuVHJkQ1FobUlPRzJKV1Evc2xWVURBY2Q1d3NaTWdkdGQ4ZXpJZ" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJJN0VLYzc2ZU5DRFRCSnRXZ0xOTGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRlNObUZFOVlFRHRpTVJ4VnhwbEt0WXcvNDBtU2IwMmI3cEtYWFJLd21Mem9oZXRpUmJab2VFN0M0NU52cGhGSCtTenN3NGJJQWpNMlRMYlFXajJhNW4rN0lJWjAvOTg1akRsa1JNaGdNQ2VtK20zNlpSWEpxT2diU0RJKzlkQmkiLCJtYWMiOiI3NDY0N2MwMDZiMzU2Zjc4MjczMzU5YTA2YjVlNjRjNDg1YjJlZDUzODAyOTBlZjc4ZDI1ODllNTNhMmU0NGI2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJJN0VLYzc2ZU5DRFRCSnRXZ0xOTGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRlNObUZFOVlFRHRpTVJ4VnhwbEt0WXcvNDBtU2IwMmI3cEtYWFJLd21Mem9oZXRpUmJab2VFN0M" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "LiP1ahBByhRo9RN0c58bN6AS009ja0cRr9aNewyh" "uc_cart_id" => "e8940c28a4a5e600acc9c4908b0280b3" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/12700" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 20:23:42GET/chapter/12700112189