Magnetic Resonance in Studying Natural and Synthetic Materials

NMR Relaxation and Restricted Self-Diffusion of Water in Wood

Author(s): Victor V. Rodin

Pp: 82-96 (15)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681086293118010011

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

In the technological treatment of wood materials, it is important to control water-wood interactions. To measure the water self-diffusion coefficients properly in wetting/drying processes of wood, it is necessary to understand many factors affecting the experiments. For fibrous material, the diffusivities of water could be different along the fiber and in the direction of perpendicular to fiber axis. The chapter presents the data of NMR relaxation and 1-dimensional PFG NMR in studying anisotropic diffusion of water in wood.


Keywords: Apparent diffusion coefficient Dapp, Cross-relaxation (CR), Diffusion anisotropy, Free induction decay (FID), Goldman-Shen (GS) experiment, Inverse Laplace transform (ILT), Inversion recovery (IR) method, NMR, Pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR, Spin-lattice (longitudinal) relaxation time T1, Spin-spin (transverse) relaxation time T2, Stimulated echo (STE), Water, Wood.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316440840 and j.to_ip >=316440840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834603 and j.to_date >= 1739834603 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12640) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316440840 and j.to_ip >=316440840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834603 and j.to_date >= 1739834603 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12640) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316440840 and j.to_ip >=316440840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739834603 and j.to_date >= 1739834603 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12640)
      610μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2517 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739834603 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739834603 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.07msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2517
      • 3: 1739834603
      • 4: 1739834603
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='cc79a6fc6e87c47c881d5a0b639c64e5'
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    14Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        6s47DXlv8dXPEUXYCm2pb8vTeDS1ip1NS1hNMFYY
        uc_cart_id
        cc79a6fc6e87c47c881d5a0b639c64e5
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/12640" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/12640
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IkR4ZXNpOEs2OXFxVnNyMXAwMTBBMUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZWFvUTJ4U1V2a2hKNXNBNWEzRm9OSEZKWXVvRVdyS2lzL1dEdTBSeFlIVT0iLCJtYWMiOiI0ZjdlYTE2N2ViMzliNzc2NzBjNTVjZmVlNWRiMjkxMzUzNjIxNzg3YWI3OTYwMjY4MzhmNzgzYTJiODZmYTNhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IkR4ZXNpOEs2OXFxVnNyMXAwMTBBMUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZWFvUTJ4U1V2a2hKNXNBNWEzRm9OSEZKWXVvRVdyS2lzL1dEdTBSeFlIVT0iLCJtYWMiOiI0ZjdlYTE2N2ViMzli" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 17 Feb 2025 23:23:23 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkRYa0xIT2VQRnBucHhzQTBtUWdweVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWisxM0YrQlM1d1J1cHg4SVB4MW9oSDh3QXpDanFrVmRuMHhxV01FemJmL2FKTjljRzdlcXdBMnl1aVVlanI0czRyMUZacm9tdTJFLzFBRyttalk5U0JNUjNWZmVOaVVudjE5UmZBMXhLUWN2VVdvcHphR05mSXZ3U1BFc3dSQjUiLCJtYWMiOiI1YTczYmQ0ZDhmNmU2Zjc5YWE3M2U1OTc3MmI1M2Y4MTZiZGZkNjhjYTI5NTIxYzQyODYwMmJjZjQzMWEwYzlkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 11:23:23 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkRYa0xIT2VQRnBucHhzQTBtUWdweVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWisxM0YrQlM1d1J1cHg4SVB4MW9oSDh3QXpDanFrVmRuMHhxV01FemJmL2FKTjljRzdlcXdBMnl1aVVlanI0czRyMUZac" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImJrdS9scnRqYk05YTBFRFlyTjBVMHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYTd2c1Evdy9NSlQxSDhVN1hzU2xpdTNTSXRmLzNZUmM5QXBUeWFzRVlsdFVaclFNNzAxOG5keFQ4bnYwUzVjV2l4cFlQdnBYNC8vYVRpUDJDNllURjljdTdTMnQ5Uk9pZzhBL0pIV0M5cW5HUzlwaEpieXpTSXJDK3lvamNidHYiLCJtYWMiOiIzZWI0YjRjZDhmNmFkZTdlNWU2ZjczMDE3MjZlYzNiNzE0OWIzMDA5ZjA5NTUzOTFjYzFkZDVjOTVjOWQ0NGQzIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImJrdS9scnRqYk05YTBFRFlyTjBVMHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYTd2c1Evdy9NSlQxSDhVN1hzU2xpdTNTSXRmLzNZUmM5QXBUeWFzRVlsdFVaclFNNzAxOG5keFQ" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkRYa0xIT2VQRnBucHhzQTBtUWdweVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWisxM0YrQlM1d1J1cHg4SVB4MW9oSDh3QXpDanFrVmRuMHhxV01FemJmL2FKTjljRzdlcXdBMnl1aVVlanI0czRyMUZacm9tdTJFLzFBRyttalk5U0JNUjNWZmVOaVVudjE5UmZBMXhLUWN2VVdvcHphR05mSXZ3U1BFc3dSQjUiLCJtYWMiOiI1YTczYmQ0ZDhmNmU2Zjc5YWE3M2U1OTc3MmI1M2Y4MTZiZGZkNjhjYTI5NTIxYzQyODYwMmJjZjQzMWEwYzlkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 11:23:23 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkRYa0xIT2VQRnBucHhzQTBtUWdweVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWisxM0YrQlM1d1J1cHg4SVB4MW9oSDh3QXpDanFrVmRuMHhxV01FemJmL2FKTjljRzdlcXdBMnl1aVVlanI0czRyMUZac" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImJrdS9scnRqYk05YTBFRFlyTjBVMHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYTd2c1Evdy9NSlQxSDhVN1hzU2xpdTNTSXRmLzNZUmM5QXBUeWFzRVlsdFVaclFNNzAxOG5keFQ4bnYwUzVjV2l4cFlQdnBYNC8vYVRpUDJDNllURjljdTdTMnQ5Uk9pZzhBL0pIV0M5cW5HUzlwaEpieXpTSXJDK3lvamNidHYiLCJtYWMiOiIzZWI0YjRjZDhmNmFkZTdlNWU2ZjczMDE3MjZlYzNiNzE0OWIzMDA5ZjA5NTUzOTFjYzFkZDVjOTVjOWQ0NGQzIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImJrdS9scnRqYk05YTBFRFlyTjBVMHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYTd2c1Evdy9NSlQxSDhVN1hzU2xpdTNTSXRmLzNZUmM5QXBUeWFzRVlsdFVaclFNNzAxOG5keFQ" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "6s47DXlv8dXPEUXYCm2pb8vTeDS1ip1NS1hNMFYY" "uc_cart_id" => "cc79a6fc6e87c47c881d5a0b639c64e5" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/12640" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-17 23:23:23GET/chapter/126401121916