Melanin, the Master Molecule

Mental Illness, Alterations in Ventricle Size, and Human Photosynthesis®

Author(s): Arturo Solís Herrera, María del Carmen Arias Esparza, Ruth Isabel Solís Arias, Paola Eugenia Solís Arias and Martha Patricia Solís Arias

Pp: 122-134 (13)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681086538118010009

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

This paper addresses the actual role of CSF in the physiology and ethiopathogeny of mental disorders as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder. Several decades ago the observation that the enlargement of ventricular size was associated with a clinical diagnosis of schizoaffective illness was reported [1] by first time. Changes in the volume of the cerebral ventricles and therefore the content of the liquid cephalous spinal far beyond the daily physiological variations, are already known in mental disorders, but have only been to date more a curious object of in-depth studies for various reasons. Usually it pays more attention to alterations of the nervous tissue in which volumetric changes are observed in the ventricles. The finding that the melanin molecule has the amazing ability to transform light energy into chemical energy through the dissociation of the molecule of water, such as chlorophyll in plants; the old dogma that the source of energy of the Central nervous system (CNS) is through blood vessels break into a thousand pieces. We now know that the real source of energy of the CNS is the visible and invisible light and the transducer per excellence is melanin, and whose perfect substrate is water. It is, therefore, that the CNS of all mammals has a repeating pattern invariably to be coated inside and out by the CSF that is 99% water, which ensures that the energy substrate source, water for all practical purposes, is constantly in contact with neurons. The brain caesuras allow water getting as much as possible to the most recondite places of the brain. Thereby the source of energy of CNS are the ventricles and subarachnoid space, therefore, the changes in volumetric characteristics of this anatomic regions must be interpreted as significant alterations in generation and distribution of chemical energy.


Keywords: CSF, Melanin, Mental Illness, Ventricle size, Volume.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740497258 and j.to_date >= 1740497258 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12233) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740497258 and j.to_date >= 1740497258 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12233) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740497258 and j.to_date >= 1740497258 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 12233)
      510μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2458 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740497258 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740497258 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.02msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2458
      • 3: 1740497258
      • 4: 1740497258
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='971f6067bd90316140999a92e62e634b'
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    5Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        6xpcD4iXHM72shAOPIzKZB6iJ1xn1Cfw59yKAlTY
        uc_cart_id
        971f6067bd90316140999a92e62e634b
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/12233" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/12233
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:16 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 15:27:38 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkJ3ZzNrTDl6TTl0ODZyeEdlTXVCRmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNGNWSEowb0hOUlo3RWt6WU9zNE1LTnNyRktZVVltUW4vRmRWMG1zR1hpNlF3SHduWmt6aks1WmszOTNURU9QTTFVd2ZyYi95ZFM1d2F1bGlhTk55dFZMbmxHcTNXRkV2QnQwYU5XMUlpTXJjTXVVQjB2Q2h4bGYwYktnUXNEZnkiLCJtYWMiOiI2ZTkzMjk4MjRkODhmODA5MDlhZGRlYTUwZTA0NDM1ZDRlZTc0N2NiZjgyODkyYzU4ZGJkZDdiMWM3YjRiZWU4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 03:27:38 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkJ3ZzNrTDl6TTl0ODZyeEdlTXVCRmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNGNWSEowb0hOUlo3RWt6WU9zNE1LTnNyRktZVVltUW4vRmRWMG1zR1hpNlF3SHduWmt6aks1WmszOTNURU9QTTFVd2ZyY" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ilk2dXA4WEFYNXdZTjF6QytacXZDVGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOUVubXpxQnd1dUVKMTdQMjJZdHF3d3Z5U29tZmxVVXVOMk52eEdCWWtjZVRXaU1PeXppYU80OVZOYi9Ed0hYMmlBODBrRzRpc1lFa3drL3VLaXJKSkZxWXRPdmFRTVNMZUpPOE94ay9tYmM4eFpiUE9KNXJwVmhhVHBXOGw5ckoiLCJtYWMiOiI0NGI0NGY0NWVjYzU4ZjEwMGQ2OTU2MjEzZGM1ZGMwMThkZmI3ZmI3YzA0MjEyMzk1Mzg5OGI4YzM2NGJiNjEyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ilk2dXA4WEFYNXdZTjF6QytacXZDVGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOUVubXpxQnd1dUVKMTdQMjJZdHF3d3Z5U29tZmxVVXVOMk52eEdCWWtjZVRXaU1PeXppYU80OVZ" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkJ3ZzNrTDl6TTl0ODZyeEdlTXVCRmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNGNWSEowb0hOUlo3RWt6WU9zNE1LTnNyRktZVVltUW4vRmRWMG1zR1hpNlF3SHduWmt6aks1WmszOTNURU9QTTFVd2ZyYi95ZFM1d2F1bGlhTk55dFZMbmxHcTNXRkV2QnQwYU5XMUlpTXJjTXVVQjB2Q2h4bGYwYktnUXNEZnkiLCJtYWMiOiI2ZTkzMjk4MjRkODhmODA5MDlhZGRlYTUwZTA0NDM1ZDRlZTc0N2NiZjgyODkyYzU4ZGJkZDdiMWM3YjRiZWU4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 03:27:38 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkJ3ZzNrTDl6TTl0ODZyeEdlTXVCRmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNGNWSEowb0hOUlo3RWt6WU9zNE1LTnNyRktZVVltUW4vRmRWMG1zR1hpNlF3SHduWmt6aks1WmszOTNURU9QTTFVd2ZyY" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ilk2dXA4WEFYNXdZTjF6QytacXZDVGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOUVubXpxQnd1dUVKMTdQMjJZdHF3d3Z5U29tZmxVVXVOMk52eEdCWWtjZVRXaU1PeXppYU80OVZOYi9Ed0hYMmlBODBrRzRpc1lFa3drL3VLaXJKSkZxWXRPdmFRTVNMZUpPOE94ay9tYmM4eFpiUE9KNXJwVmhhVHBXOGw5ckoiLCJtYWMiOiI0NGI0NGY0NWVjYzU4ZjEwMGQ2OTU2MjEzZGM1ZGMwMThkZmI3ZmI3YzA0MjEyMzk1Mzg5OGI4YzM2NGJiNjEyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ilk2dXA4WEFYNXdZTjF6QytacXZDVGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOUVubXpxQnd1dUVKMTdQMjJZdHF3d3Z5U29tZmxVVXVOMk52eEdCWWtjZVRXaU1PeXppYU80OVZ" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "6xpcD4iXHM72shAOPIzKZB6iJ1xn1Cfw59yKAlTY" "uc_cart_id" => "971f6067bd90316140999a92e62e634b" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/12233" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 15:27:38GET/chapter/12233112197