More Food: Road to Survival

Breeding for Drought Stress Resistance in Plants

Author(s): Massimo Galbiati

Pp: 272-294 (23)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681084671117010013

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Most cropping environments worldwide are suboptimal for plant growth and reproduction. Unfavorable environmental conditions prevent crops from attaining their full yield potential. Abiotic stresses including heat, cold, drought, salinity, and flooding have a major impact on world agriculture, reducing by 50% the average yield for most crop plants. Among these, water scarcity is the major factor limiting the expansion of agriculture and the single leading cause of crop losses worldwide. With the impact of climate change and demographic growth looming, stress-tolerant varieties and climateresilient crops emerge as relevant and necessary targets to ensure global food security and to improve sustainability in agriculture. Breeding of crops with enhanced stresses tolerance has been particularly compelling, as the related agronomic traits are complex and quantitative in nature, often associated to several loci exhibiting additive effects. Advances in plant genomics have greatly contributed to dissect such complex traits, unraveling the mechanisms underlying the plant response to stress, and opening unprecedented avenues in breeding improved varieties against unfavorable environmental conditions. This chapter will focus on recent successful stories in molecular breeding and biotechnological strategies for crop improvement against abiotic stress, with particular emphasis on drought tolerance.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316567616 and j.to_ip >=316567616 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740516392 and j.to_date >= 1740516392 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 10506) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316567616 and j.to_ip >=316567616 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740516392 and j.to_date >= 1740516392 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 10506) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316567616 and j.to_ip >=316567616 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740516392 and j.to_date >= 1740516392 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 10506)
      640μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2235 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740516392 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740516392 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.07msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2235
      • 3: 1740516392
      • 4: 1740516392
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='59907e11086b0fe89ddd586ec36b9fc5'
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Keywords
    1Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        Irue9cr8ePPUO8CoWuj4ybRdqfbB7hetBYq6tvFe
        uc_cart_id
        59907e11086b0fe89ddd586ec36b9fc5
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/10506" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/10506
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InNMTDI4b25BQUZCTUdJNHk3cnNwR3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQTFqQmZKMUFxVkZpSnQyaHcvOTNwUEM4V2ZySktDYVppY1pwMHNlcTY5RT0iLCJtYWMiOiIxZjFmMzVmMDk5ODg0MjJiMzQyZjUzNjNjYzdmMTA2NjcxM2NiNzY5YmFiMDllMjlhOGZkMWU2Y2RkMmJkNGM2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InNMTDI4b25BQUZCTUdJNHk3cnNwR3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQTFqQmZKMUFxVkZpSnQyaHcvOTNwUEM4V2ZySktDYVppY1pwMHNlcTY5RT0iLCJtYWMiOiIxZjFmMzVmMDk5ODg0" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 20:46:32 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjdKQU12L0hPTXB0MmtiUEVGcTFsdUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT3NxN05NN3VEamlhbmZiUUcvdVIxclhQZHlTY0o0alU5dWExV24renhpSFlNZW4rT3IzL3lDaVdRK21rU080d1VlYkNkVnM2WW1Vekd3aTI3cHZBenRjT3NPMGorSk5oS3lHTERhZStYZUNZbzN5U2JwQndOYS9tM0JIL2xUWC8iLCJtYWMiOiJlY2U2MDliYWE1YmJmYmNkMGU3Y2UyODYyYTk1YWU5NmNmMjZkMGExY2NmYmQxY2Y1MDZjNDg3NTU0YzA1MGI3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 08:46:33 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjdKQU12L0hPTXB0MmtiUEVGcTFsdUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT3NxN05NN3VEamlhbmZiUUcvdVIxclhQZHlTY0o0alU5dWExV24renhpSFlNZW4rT3IzL3lDaVdRK21rU080d1VlYkNkV" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ikh6NWc3LzJuUjBuWUVvYll1QjJWNGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVDFDbURzYStJaTVBcWUySTFOdjhPRkZQUTJPSjNkS0Y3ZDE4Wm1rbjI2bnR1eGxlcDJ1dVVRUVFGZTVPRXl4U2tTYkg2WksxbTNSS1pORzFFVFFGZG8ycmRqdVpOdmU5Y3poWVlscWR4UEdlYkhHOTFHcml1enBUN1hVN3dNNU4iLCJtYWMiOiIzYjFkYjZlZDFhYWU4YTk1NTI0YjAzMzc5ZDlhNGFiOGMyYjgxN2M1ZjZhM2EzYjdlOTdhYmQ4NGM3ZTdiMmQ1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ikh6NWc3LzJuUjBuWUVvYll1QjJWNGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVDFDbURzYStJaTVBcWUySTFOdjhPRkZQUTJPSjNkS0Y3ZDE4Wm1rbjI2bnR1eGxlcDJ1dVVRUVF" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjdKQU12L0hPTXB0MmtiUEVGcTFsdUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT3NxN05NN3VEamlhbmZiUUcvdVIxclhQZHlTY0o0alU5dWExV24renhpSFlNZW4rT3IzL3lDaVdRK21rU080d1VlYkNkVnM2WW1Vekd3aTI3cHZBenRjT3NPMGorSk5oS3lHTERhZStYZUNZbzN5U2JwQndOYS9tM0JIL2xUWC8iLCJtYWMiOiJlY2U2MDliYWE1YmJmYmNkMGU3Y2UyODYyYTk1YWU5NmNmMjZkMGExY2NmYmQxY2Y1MDZjNDg3NTU0YzA1MGI3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 08:46:33 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjdKQU12L0hPTXB0MmtiUEVGcTFsdUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT3NxN05NN3VEamlhbmZiUUcvdVIxclhQZHlTY0o0alU5dWExV24renhpSFlNZW4rT3IzL3lDaVdRK21rU080d1VlYkNkV" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ikh6NWc3LzJuUjBuWUVvYll1QjJWNGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVDFDbURzYStJaTVBcWUySTFOdjhPRkZQUTJPSjNkS0Y3ZDE4Wm1rbjI2bnR1eGxlcDJ1dVVRUVFGZTVPRXl4U2tTYkg2WksxbTNSS1pORzFFVFFGZG8ycmRqdVpOdmU5Y3poWVlscWR4UEdlYkhHOTFHcml1enBUN1hVN3dNNU4iLCJtYWMiOiIzYjFkYjZlZDFhYWU4YTk1NTI0YjAzMzc5ZDlhNGFiOGMyYjgxN2M1ZjZhM2EzYjdlOTdhYmQ4NGM3ZTdiMmQ1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ikh6NWc3LzJuUjBuWUVvYll1QjJWNGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVDFDbURzYStJaTVBcWUySTFOdjhPRkZQUTJPSjNkS0Y3ZDE4Wm1rbjI2bnR1eGxlcDJ1dVVRUVF" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "Irue9cr8ePPUO8CoWuj4ybRdqfbB7hetBYq6tvFe" "uc_cart_id" => "59907e11086b0fe89ddd586ec36b9fc5" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/10506" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 20:46:33GET/chapter/10506112193