Generic placeholder image

Current Pharmaceutical Design

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

Review Article

Breast Cancer and Anesthesia

Author(s): Aida Raigon-Ponferrada, María E.D. Recio*, Jose L. Guerrero-Orriach*, Alfredo Malo-Manso, Juan J. Escalona-Belmonte, Marta R. Aliaga, Alicia R. Fernández, Francisco J.F. García, Emilio A. Conejo and José Cruz-Mañas

Volume 25, Issue 28, 2019

Page: [2998 - 3004] Pages: 7

DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190712183436

Price: $65

Abstract

Breast cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease that is categorized into several histological and genomic subtypes with relevant prognostic and therapeutical implications. Such diversity requires a multidisciplinary approach for a comprehensive treatment that will involve surgeons, radiotherapists and medical oncologists.

Breast cancer is classified as either local (or locoregional), which stands for 90-95% of cases, or metastatic, representing 5% of cases.

The management of breast cancer will be determined by the stage of the disease. The treatment of local breast cancer is based on surgery and/or radiotherapy. Systemic breast cancer requires chemotherapy and/or endocrine and/or biological therapy.

Keywords: Anesthetic drugs and techniques, opioids, propofol, volatile agent, breast cancer, cancer recurrence, immune cells, natural killer cells.

[1]
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin 2016; 66(1): 7-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21332] [PMID: 26742998]
[2]
Cata JP, Keerty V, Keerty D, et al. A retrospective analysis of the effect of intraoperative opioid dose on cancer recurrence after non-small cell lung cancer resection. Cancer Med 2014; 3(4): 900-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.236] [PMID: 24692226]
[3]
Wigmore TJ, Mohammed K, Jhanji S. Long-term survival for patients undergoing volatile versus IVanesthesia for cancer surgery: A retrospective analysis. Anesthesiology 2016; 124(1): 69-79.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000000936] [PMID: 26556730]
[4]
Melamed R, Bar-Yosef S, Shakhar G, Shakhar K, Ben-Eliyahu S. Suppression of natural killer cell activity and promotion of tumor metastasis by ketamine, thiopental, and halothane, but not by propofol: Mediating mechanisms and prophylactic measures. Anesth Analg 2003; 97(5): 1331-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ANE.0000082995.44040.07] [PMID: 14570648]
[5]
Kavanagh T, Buggy DJ. Can anaesthetic technique effect postoperative outcome? Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2012; 25(2): 185-98.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0b013e32834f6c4c] [PMID: 22270920]
[6]
Heaney A, Buggy DJ. Can anaesthetic and analgesic techniques affect cancer recurrence or metastasis? Br J Anaesth 2012; 109(S1)(Suppl. 1): i17-28.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aes421] [PMID: 23242747]
[7]
AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) Cancer Staging Manual. 8th edition,. 3rd printing,. Amin MB, Edge SB, Greene FL, et al. (Eds), Springer: Chicago, 2018
[8]
Elston CW, Ellis IO. Pathological prognostic factors in breast cancer. I. The value of histological grade in breast cancer: experience from a large study with long-term follow-up. Histopathology 1991; 19(5): 403-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1991.tb00229.x] [PMID: 1757079]
[9]
Stuart-Harris R, Caldas C, Pinder SE, Pharoah P. Proliferation markers and survival in early breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 85 studies in 32,825 patients. Breast 2008; 17(4): 323-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2008.02.002] [PMID: 18455396]
[10]
Colleoni M, Sun Z, Price KN, et al. Annual hazard rates of recurrence for breast cancer during 24 years of follow-up: Results from the International Breast Cancer Study Group Trials I to V. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34(9): 927-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2015.62.3504] [PMID: 26786933]
[11]
Harris L, Fritsche H, Mennel R, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology 2007 update of recommendations for the use of tumor markers in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25(33): 5287-312.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.14.2364] [PMID: 17954709]
[12]
Perou CM, Sørlie T, Eisen MB, et al. Molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature 2000; 406(6797): 747-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35021093] [PMID: 10963602]
[13]
Sorlie T, Tibshirani R, Parker J, et al. Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes in independent gene expression data sets. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100(14): 8418-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0932692100] [PMID: 12829800]
[14]
Sørlie T, Perou CM, Tibshirani R, et al. Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98(19): 10869-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.191367098] [PMID: 11553815]
[15]
Fan C, Oh DS, Wessels L, et al. Concordance among gene-expression-based predictors for breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2006; 355(6): 560-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa052933] [PMID: 16899776]
[16]
Livasy CA, Karaca G, Nanda R, et al. Phenotypic evaluation of the basal-like subtype of invasive breast carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2006; 19(2): 264-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.3800528] [PMID: 16341146]
[17]
Arriagada R, Lê MG, Rochard F, Contesso G. Conservative treatment versus mastectomy in early breast cancer: Patterns of failure with 15 years of follow-up data. J Clin Oncol 1996; 14(5): 1558-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1996.14.5.1558] [PMID: 8622072]
[18]
Cortazar P, Zhang L, Untch M, et al. Pathological complete response and long-term clinical benefit in breast cancer: The CTNeoBC pooled analysis. Lancet 2014; 384(9938): 164-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62422-8] [PMID: 24529560]
[19]
Bardia A, Greenup R, Moy B, et al. Pathological complete remission after neoadjuvant chemotherapy predicts improved survival in the various breast cancer subtypes: Systematic review and metaanalyses. In: Presented at AACR Advances in Breast Cancer Research. San Francisco, CA 2011.
[20]
Stollings LM, Jia LJ, Tang P, Dou H, Lu B, Xu Y. Immune modulation by volatile anesthetics. Anesthesiology 2016; 125(2): 399-411.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000001195] [PMID: 27286478]
[21]
Liedtke C, Mazouni C, Hess KR, et al. Response to neoadjuvant therapy and long-term survival in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26(8): 1275-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.14.4147] [PMID: 18250347]
[22]
Cassinello F, Prieto I, del Olmo M, Rivas S, Strichartz GR. Cancer surgery: How may anesthesia influence outcome? J Clin Anesth 2015; 27(3): 262-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2015.02.007] [PMID: 25769963]
[23]
Schreiber RD, Old LJ, Smyth MJ. Cancer immunoediting: Integrating immunity’s roles in cancer suppression and promotion. Science 2011; 331(6024): 1565-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1203486] [PMID: 21436444]
[24]
Janeway CA Jr, Medzhitov R. Innate immune recognition. Annu Rev Immunol 2002; 20: 197-216.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.083001.084359] [PMID: 11861602]
[25]
Conrick-Martin I, Kell MR, Buggy DJ. Meta-analysis of the effect of central neuraxial regional anesthesia compared with general anesthesia on postoperative natural killer T lymphocyte function. J Clin Anesth 2012; 24(1): 3-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2011.09.001] [PMID: 22284311]
[26]
Snyder GL, Greenberg S. Effect of anaesthetic technique and other perioperative factors on cancer recurrence. Br J Anaesth 2010; 105(2): 106-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeq164] [PMID: 20627881]
[27]
Conrick-Martin I, Kell MR, Buggy DJ. Meta-analysis of the effect of central neuraxial regional anesthesia compared with general anesthesia on postoperative natural killer T lymphocyte function. J Clin Anesth 2012; 24(1): 3-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2011.09.001] [PMID: 22284311]
[28]
Wang YC, He F, Feng F, et al. Notch signaling determines the M1 versus M2 polarization of macrophages in antitumor immune responses. Cancer Res 2010; 70(12): 4840-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-0269] [PMID: 20501839]
[29]
Cieślińska A, Sienkiewicz-Szøapka E, Kostyra E, et al. M-Opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) polymorphism in patients with breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36: 4655-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-3113-zPMID:25618602]
[30]
van Houdt IS, Sluijter BJ, Moesbergen LM, et al. Favorable outcome in clinically stage II melanoma patients is associated with the presence of activated tumor infiltrating T-lymphocytes and preserved MHC class I antigen expression. Int J Cancer 2008; 123(3): 609-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.23543] [PMID: 18498132]
[31]
Wada H, Seki S, Takahashi T, et al. Combined spinal and general anesthesia attenuates liver metastasis by preserving TH1/TH2 cytokine balance. Anesthesiology 2007; 106(3): 499-506.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200703000-00014] [PMID: 17325508]
[32]
Shapiro J, Jersky J, Katzav S, Feldman M, Segal S. Anesthetic drugs accelerate the progression of postoperative metastases of mouse tumors. J Clin Invest 1981; 68(3): 678-85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI110303] [PMID: 7276167]
[33]
Stollings LM, Jia LJ, Tang P, Dou H, Lu B, Xu Y. Immune modulation by volatile anesthetics. Anesthesiology 2016; 125(2): 399-411.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000001195] [PMID: 27286478]
[34]
Fodale V, D’Arrigo MG, Triolo S, Mondello S, La Torre D. Anesthetic techniques and cancer recurrence after surgery. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014328513
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/328513] [PMID: 24683330]
[35]
Luchinetti E, Awad AE, Rahman M, et al. Antiproliferative effects of local anaesthetics on mesenchymal stem cells: Potential implications for tumour spreading and wound healing. Anesthesiology 2012; 116: 841-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e31824babfe] [PMID: 22343474]
[36]
Kawaraguchi Y, Horikawa YT, Murphy AN, et al. Volatile anaesthetics protect cancer cells against tumour necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis via caveolins. Anesthesiology 2011; 115: 499-508.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182276d42] [PMID: 21862885]
[37]
Ecimovic P, Murray D, Doran P, et al. Direct effect of morphine on breast cancer cell function in vitro: The role of the NET1 gene. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107: 916-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aer259] [PMID: 21857017]
[38]
Singleton PA, Mirzapoiazova T, Hasina R, Salgia R, Moss J. Increased μ opioid receptor expression in metastatic lung cancer. Br J Anaesth 2014; 113: 103-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu165]
[39]
Kvolik S, Dobrosevic B, Marczi S, Prlic L, Glavas-Obrovac L. Different apoptosis ratios and gene expressions in two human cell lines after sevoflurane anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2009; 53(9): 1192-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.2009.02036.x] [PMID: 19572936]
[40]
Melamed R, Bar-Yosef S, Shakhar G, Shakhar K, Ben-Eliyahu S. Suppression of natural killer cell activity and promotion of tumor metastasis by ketamine, thiopental, and halothane, but not by propofol: mediating mechanisms and prophylactic measures. Anesth Analg 2003; 97(5): 1331-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ANE.0000082995.44040.07] [PMID: 14570648]
[41]
Cieślińska A, Sienkiewicz-Szøapka E, Kostyra E, et al. M-Opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) polymorphism in patients with breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36: 4655-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-3113-z] [PMID: 25618602]
[42]
Gupta K, Kshirsagar S, Chang L, et al. Morphine stimulates angiogenesis by activating proangiogenic and survival-promoting signaling and promotes breast tumor growth. Cancer Res 2002; 62(15): 4491-8.
[PMID: 12154060]
[43]
Lennon FE, Mirzapoiazova T, Mambetsariev B, Salgia R, Moss J, Singleton PA. Overexpression of the μ-opioid receptor in human non-small cell lung cancer promotes Akt and mTOR activation, tumor growth, and metastasis. Anesthesiology 2012; 116(4): 857-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e31824babe2] [PMID: 22343475]
[44]
Heaney A, Buggy DJ. Can anaesthetic and analgesic techniques affect cancer recurrence or metastasis? Br J Anaesth 2012; 109(Suppl. 1): i17-28.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aes421] [PMID: 23242747]
[45]
Ecimovic P, McHugh B, Murray D, Doran P, Buggy DJ. Effects of sevoflurane on breast cancer cell function in vitro. Anticancer Res 2013; 33(10): 4255-60.
[PMID: 24122989]
[46]
Ash SA, Buggy DJ. Does regional anaesthesia and analgesia or opioid analgesia influence recurrence after primary cancer surgery? An update of available evidence. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2013; 27(4): 441-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2013.10.005] [PMID: 24267550]
[47]
Lirk P, Hollmann MW, Fleischer M, Weber NC, Fiegl H. Lidocaine and ropivacaine, but not bupivacaine, demethylate deoxyribonucleic acid in breast cancer cells in vitro. Br J Anaesth 2014; 113(S1)(Suppl. 1): i32-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu201] [PMID: 24946779]
[48]
Chang YC, Liu CL, Chen MJ, et al. Local anesthetics induce apoptosis in human breast tumor cells. Anesth Analg 2014; 118(1): 116-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182a94479] [PMID: 24247230]
[49]
Yoon JR, Whipple RA, Balzer EM, et al. Local anesthetics inhibit kinesin motility and microtentacle protrusions in human epithelial and breast tumor cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 129(3): 691-701.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-010-1239-7] [PMID: 21069453]
[50]
Jaura AI, Flood G, Gallagher HC, Buggy DJ. Differential effects of serum from patients administered distinct anaesthetic techniques on apoptosis in breast cancer cells in vitro: A pilot study. Br J Anaesth 2014; 113(S1)(Suppl. 1): i63-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aet581] [PMID: 25009197]
[51]
Exadaktylos AK, Buggy DJ, Moriarty DC, Mascha E, Sessler DI. Can anesthetic technique for primary breast cancer surgery affect recurrence or metastasis? Anesthesiology 2006; 105(4): 660-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200610000-00008] [PMID: 17006061]
[52]
Bortsov AV, Millikan RC, Belfer I, Boortz-Marx RL, Arora H, McLean SA. μ-opioid receptor gene A118G polymorphism predicts survival in patients with breast cancer. Anesthesiology 2012; 116: 896-902.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e31824b96a1] [PMID: 22433205]
[53]
Deegan CA, Murray D, Doran P, et al. Anesthetic technique and the cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase response to primary breast cancer surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2010; 35(6): 490-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0b013e3181ef4d05] [PMID: 20975461]
[54]
Lee JH, Kang SH, Kim Y, Kim HA, Kim BS. Effects of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia on recurrence and overall survival in patients after modified radical mastectomy: A retrospective study. Korean J Anesthesiol 2016; 69(2): 126-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2016.69.2.126] [PMID: 27066202]
[55]
Connolly C, Madden SF, Buggy DJ, Gallagher HC. Expression of anaesthetic and analgesic drug target genes in excised breast tumour tissue: Association with clinical disease recurrence or metastasis. PLoS One 2017; 12(5)e0177105
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0177105]
[56]
Enlund M, Berglund A, Andreasson K, Cicek C, Enlund A, Bergkvist L. The choice of anaesthetic--sevoflurane or propofol--and outcome from cancer surgery: A retrospective analysis. Ups J Med Sci 2014; 119(3): 251-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03009734.2014.922649] [PMID: 24857018]
[57]
Buckley A, McQuaid S, Johnson P, Buggy DJ. Effect of anaesthetic technique on the natural killer cell anti-tumour activity of serum from women undergoing breast cancer surgery: A pilot study. Br J Anaesth 2014; 113(Suppl. 1): i56-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu200] [PMID: 25009196]
[58]
Deegan CA, Murray D, Doran P, et al. Anesthetic technique and the cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase response to primary breast cancer surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2010; 35(6): 490-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0b013e3181ef4d05] [PMID: 20975461]
[59]
Lee JH, Kang SH, Kim Y, Kim HA, Kim BS. Effects of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia on recurrence and overall survival in patients after modified radical mastectomy: A retrospective study. Korean J Anesthesiol 2016; 69(2): 126-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2016.69.2.126] [PMID: 27066202]
[60]
Kim MH, Kim DW, Kim JH, Lee KY, Park S, Yoo YC. Does the type of anesthesia really affect the recurrence-free survival after breast cancer surgery? Oncotarget 2017; 8(52): 90477-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.21014] [PMID: 29163846]
[61]
Zhang T, Fan Y, Liu K, Wang Y. Effects of different general anaesthetic techniques on immune responses in patients undergoing surgery for tongue cancer. Anaesth Intensive Care 2014; 42(2): 220-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057X1404200209] [PMID: 24580388]
[62]
Sultan SS. Paravertebral block can attenuate cytokine response when it replaces general anesthesia for cancer breast surgeries. Saudi J Anaesth 2013; 7(4): 373-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1658-354X.121043] [PMID: 24348286]
[63]
Bajwa SJ, Anand S, Kaur G. Anesthesia and cancer recurrences: The current knowledge and evidence. J Cancer Res Ther 2015; 11(3): 528-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu200] [PMID: 25009196]
[64]
Jaura AI, Flood G, Gallagher HC, Buggy DJ. Differential effects of serum from patients administered distinct anaesthetic techniques on apoptosis in breast cancer cells in vitro: A pilot study. Br J Anaesth 2014; 113(1)(Suppl. 1): i63-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aet581] [PMID: 25009197]
[65]
Dubowitz JA, Sloan EK, Riedel BJ. Implicating anaesthesia and the perioperative period in cancer recurrence and metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 35(4): 347-58.
[http://dx.doi.org/110.1371/journal. pone.0177105]
[66]
Li R, Liu H, Dilger JP, Lin J. Effect of Propofol on breast Cancer cell, the immune system, and patient outcome. BMC Anesthesiol 2018; 18(1): 77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12871-018-0543-3] [PMID: 29945542]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy