Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

The Natural Products Journal

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2210-3155
ISSN (Online): 2210-3163

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Therapeutic Role of Methanolic Extract of Ocimum basilicum L. Seeds and its Isolated Compound as Potent Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Agents

Author(s): Nisha H. Parikh and Charmy Kothari*

Volume 10, Issue 3, 2020

Page: [226 - 235] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/2210315509666190117145617

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Ocimum basilicum seed, commonly also known as Takhmaria in Gujarat. The seed of O. basilicum traditionally used to treat diabetes. This activity is related to the presence of flavonoids, the major compounds of the crude extract.

Objective: The present study was planned to examine the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic potential of Ocimum basilicum Linn seed, used as a traditional treatment for diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The methanolic extracts of O. basilicum seed (40 mg/kg) and isolated compound apigenin (10 mg/kg) were administered orally for 15 days to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat. Anti diabetic activity, oral glucose tolerance test, change in body weight and lipid profile of diabetics rat treated with methanolic extracts of O. basilicum seed and isolated apigenin were assessed and which was further compared with normal, diabetic control and standard drug-treated rat. Histological examination was carried out on 15 days of treatment.

Results: Methanolic extract of O. basilicum seed (40 mg/kg) and apigenin (10 mg/kg) produced a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level (p<0.01) and (p<0.001) respectively in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Significant differences were observed in oral glucose tolerance test, serum lipid parameters and body weight for methanolic extract of O. basilicum and apigenintreated diabetic rat as compared to diabetic, normal and standard drug-treated rat. The outcome of the histological examinations of the pancreas treated with a methanolic extract of O. basilicum and apigenin showed comparable regeneration of the cells, which were earlier necrosed by streptozotocin. Methanolic extract of O. basilicum and isolated compound apigenin exhibit significant antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the rat.

Conclusion: From above findings, it can be concluded that the O. basilicum seed and isolated compound apigenin must be considered as a potential candidate for the treatment of diabetes and lipidlowering activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the rat.

Keywords: Antidiabetic activity, antihyperlipidemic activity, methanolic extracts of Ocimum basilicum seed (MEOBS), apigenin, streptozotocin, flavonoid.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Parikh, N.H.; Parikh, P.K.; Kothari, C. Indigenous plant medicines for health care: treatment of Diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia. Chin. J. Nat. Med., 2014, 12(5), 335-344.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1875-5364(14)60041-8] [PMID: 24856756]
[2]
Ramachandran, A.; Snehalatha, C.; Viswanathan, V. Burden of type 2 diabetes and its complications - The Indian scenario. Curr. Sci., 2002, 83(12), 1471-1476.
[3]
Available from: https://www.idf.org/aboutdiabetes/what-is-diabetes/ facts-figures. html[16/10/2018]; . 2018.
[4]
Zhou, Q.; Liao, J.K. Statins and cardiovascular diseases: from cholesterol lowering to pleiotropy. Curr. Pharm. Des., 2009, 15(5), 467-478.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161209787315684] [PMID: 19199975]
[5]
Zhang, X.J.; Deng, Y.X.; Shi, Q.Z.; He, M.Y.; Chen, B.; Qiu, X.M. Hypolipidemic effect of the Chinese polyherbal Huanglian Jiedu decoction in type 2 diabetic rats and its possible mechanism. Phytomedicine, 2014, 21(5), 615-623.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2013.11.004] [PMID: 24368167]
[6]
American Diabetes Association.Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care, 2010, 62-69.
[7]
Michael, J.; Fowler, M. Diabetes Treatment, Part 2: Oral Agents for Glycemic Management. Clin. Diabetes, 2007, 25(4), 131-134.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diaclin.25.4.131]
[8]
Broadhurst, C.L.; Polansky, M.M.; Anderson, R.A. Insulin-like biological activity of culinary and medicinal plant aqueous extracts in vitro. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48(3), 849-852.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf9904517] [PMID: 10725162]
[9]
Parikh, N.H.; Kothari, C.S. Phytochemical analysis and total phenolic and flavonoid contents determination of methanolic extract of Ocimum basilicum L. seed. Int. J. Pharm. Tech. Res., 2016, 9(4), 215-219.
[10]
Chaudhary, S.; Semwal, A.; Kumar, H.; Verma, H.C.; Kumar, A. In-vivo study for anti-hyperglycemic potential of aqueous extract of Basil seeds (Ocimum basilicum Linn) and its influence on biochemical parameters, serum electrolytes and haematological indices. Biomed. Pharmacother., 2016, 84, 2008-2013.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.020] [PMID: 27847209]
[11]
Parikh, N.H.; Kothari, C.S. Development and validation of a high-performance thin-layer chromatographic – densitometric method for the quantification of Apigenin in Ocimum basilicum. J. Planar Chromatogr. Mod. TLC, 2016, 29(3), 216-220.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/1006.2016.29.3.8]
[12]
OECD. OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals: Guideline 423,Acute oral toxicity toxic-class method office of economic and community development: Paris , 2001.
[13]
Singh, J.P.; Selvendiran, K.; Banu, S.M.; Padmavathi, R.; Sakthisekaran, D. Protective role of Apigenin on the status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense against hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar albino rats. Phytomedicine, 2004, 11(4), 309-314.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0944711041495254] [PMID: 15185843]
[14]
Gupta, R.K.; Kumar, D.; Chaudhary, A.K.; Maithani, M.; Singh, R. Antidiabetic activity of Passiflora incarnata Linn. in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2012, 139(3), 801-806.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.021] [PMID: 22212504]
[15]
Masiello, P.; Broca, C.; Gross, R.; Roye, M.; Manteghetti, M.; Hillaire-Buys, D.; Novelli, M.; Ribes, G. Experimental NIDDM: development of a new model in adult rats administered streptozotocin and nicotinamide. Diabetes, 1998, 47(2), 224-229.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diab.47.2.224] [PMID: 9519717]
[16]
Simeonova, R.; Vitcheva, V.; Krasteva, I.; Zdraveva, P.; Konstantinov, S.; Ionkova, I. Antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of saponarin from Gypsophila trichotoma on streptozotocin-induced diabetic normotensive and hypertensive rats. Phytomedicine, 2016, 23(5), 483-490.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2016.02.024] [PMID: 27064007]
[17]
Burtis, C.A.; Ashwood, E.R. Tietz Text Book of Clinical Chemistry, 1st ed; W.B. Saunders: Philadelphia, 1986.
[18]
Lee, G. Manual of histologic staining methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 3rd ed; Blakiston Division, McGraw-Hill: New York, 1968.
[19]
Porchezhian, E.; Ansari, S.H.; Shreedharan, N.K. Antihyperglycemic activity of Euphrasia officinale leaves. Fitoterapia, 2000, 71(5), 522-526.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00204-5] [PMID: 11449500]
[20]
Pushparaj, P.N.; Low, H.K.; Manikandan, J.; Tan, B.K.; Tan, C.H. Anti-diabetic effects of Cichorium intybus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2007, 111(2), 430-434.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.11.028] [PMID: 17197141]
[21]
Swanston-Flatt, S.K.; Day, C.; Bailey, C.J.; Flatt, P.R. Traditional plant treatments for diabetes. Studies in normal and streptozotocin diabetic mice. Diabetologia, 1990, 33(8), 462-464.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405106] [PMID: 2210118]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
5
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy