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Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5265
ISSN (Online): 2212-3989

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Research Article

Protective Role of Silymarin in Early Doxorubicin-induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Author(s): Adel A. Hagag*, Walid A. El Shehaby, Aml I. El-Abasy and Maaly M. Mabrouk

Volume 19, Issue 2, 2019

Page: [133 - 140] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1871526518666180803141827

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Doxorubicin is a well-established chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but its efficacy is often limited by its related cardiotoxicity. Protection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity can be of great value, especially for children. Silymarin has a potent antioxidant property that can be helpful in preventing cardio-toxicity.

Objective: ‘To assess the possible protective role of silymarin against early doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in children with ALL’.

Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on 80 children with ALL, including 40 patients under doxorubicin therapy and silymarin 420 mg/day for one week after each doxorubicin dose starting from the day of doxorubicin infusion (Group I) and 40 patients under doxorubicin therapy and placebo (Group II). ‘Conventional echo-Doppler measures of left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions and pulsed wave tissue Doppler of lateral mitral annulus were done for all patients’.

Results: After doxorubicin therapy, there was a significant higher reduction of systolic function [ejection fraction (EF), fraction shortening (FS) and s wave] in Group II compared with Group I and non-significant reduction of diastolic function [E/A ratio or e/a ratio] in both Groups. Although serum troponin increases in both groups after doxorubicin therapy, the increase of troponin is significantly lower in group I compared with group II.

Conclusion: Silymarin decreased early Doxorubicin-induced left ventricular systolic function disturbances and can be recommended as an adjuvant drug in patients with ALL under doxorubicin therapy.

Recommendation: ‘Multicenter studies on a large number of patients with longer follow up’ periods to prove the protective role of silymarin in early and late Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Keywords: Silymarin, doxorubicin, cardiotoxicity, leukemia, lymphoblastic, children.

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