摘要
背景:癌症是一种广泛的疾病,死亡率很高。流行的常规治疗包括化学疗法,放射线和手术切除。然而,这些治疗给患者带来许多毒性问题,这主要是由于其非选择性的性质,这引起了耐药性和严重的副作用。 目标:在这方面,纳米技术被称为是一项智能技术,可为系统提供将药物靶向特定部位的能力。随着纳米技术的使用,产生了广泛用作药物递送载体的各种纳米材料用于生物医学应用。在各种多样化的纳米载体中,介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(MSN)由于其结构特征,较大的表面积,可调节的孔径,良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性,出色的生物相容性以及易于表面修饰而备受关注。此外,可以通过各种刺激反应看门人系统调整从MSN释放的药物。 MSN的有序结构非常适合通过控制的递送负载大量药物分子,从而通过增强的渗透性和保留作用或表面修饰进一步靶向癌组织,它也可以被各种配体主动靶向。 方法:这篇综述文章重点介绍了MSNs在刺激反应药物递送,免疫治疗以及癌症治疗能力方面的常用合成方法和最新进展。 结论:尽管MSNs正成为用于更有效和更安全的癌症治疗的有希望的工具,但是,还需要进行更多的翻译研究以探索其在临床环境中的多功能性。
关键词: 纳米技术,介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒,治疗,药物输送,癌症治疗,生物降解性。
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