Generic placeholder image

New Emirates Medical Journal

Editor-in-Chief
ISSN (Online): 0250-6882

Research Article

Resting Energy Expenditure in Sudanese Children with Sickle Cell Anemia and Its Relation to Severity Score: A Case Control Study

Author(s): Tasneem A Awad, Azza O Alawad* and Tarig H Merghani

Volume 5, 2024

Published on: 26 June, 2024

Article ID: e02506882304598 Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/0102506882304598240530102650

open_access

Abstract

Background: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) poses significant metabolic challenges in affected individuals, yet the relationship between resting metabolic rate (RMR) and disease severity remains underexplored, particularly in Sudanese pediatric populations.

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the RMR and its correlation with disease severity scores and treatment with hydroxyurea in Sudanese patients with sickle cell disease.

Materials and Methods: We conducted a case-control study on 100 individuals aged 3-18 years, with 50 having SCA and 50 forming the healthy control group. RMR was computed using the Harris-Benedict formula, the World Health Organization equation, and the Buchowski formula. Severity scores were determined using a SCA Scoring System.

Results: The mean age for the control group (9.52 ± 4.35 y) was similar to that of the SCA group, whether receiving or not receiving hydroxyl-urea (9.44 ± 4.164 and 9.68 ± 4.534, respectively (p=0.980). The resting metabolic rate (RMR) in the case group was significantly lower compared to the control group when using the Harris-Benedict and WHO equations (p = 0.004 and 0.001, respectively). A notable difference in RMR was observed between the case group (using the Buchowski formula) and the control group (using the Harris-Benedict equation) (p = 0.006), but not with the WHO equation (p = 0.054). Treatment with hydroxyl-urea was significantly associated with low severity scores among the SCA patients (p< 0.001).

Conclusions: The elevated RMR levels among Sudanese SCA patients compared to healthy subjects can be shown when calculated with the Buchowski formula but not with the other standard equations designed for healthy individuals.


© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version304msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[03:15:04] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[03:15:04] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • warninglog[03:15:04] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[03:15:04] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[03:15:04] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (120ms)time
  • Application (184ms)time
  • 1 x Application (60.6%)
    184ms
    1 x Booting (39.4%)
    120ms
    13 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    33 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 29 unique. Show only duplicated99.98ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('51359721','',1,1739848504,1739848504) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1739848504
      1.17msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('51359721','/article/141299',1,1739848504,1739848504)
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 51359721 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 51359721) limit 1
      12.84msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 51359721
      • 1: 51359721
      • 2: 51359721
      • 3: 51359721
      • 4: 51359721
      • 5: 51359721
      • 6: 51359721
      • 7: 51359721
      • 8: 51359721
      • 9: 51359721
      • 10: 51359721
      • 11: 51359721
      • 12: 51359721
      • 13: 51359721
      • 14: 51359721
      • 15: 51359721
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=141299
      860μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 186 limit 1
      570μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 186
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=186) and sj.journal_id!=186 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.03msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=186) and sj.journal_id!=186 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      870μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=186) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      7.03msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=186) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      5.82msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '141299'
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 141299
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '141299'
      1.65msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 141299
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '141299' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      2.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 141299
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      300μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      730μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 186 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      44.04msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 186 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      2.9msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 186 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      2.31msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 141299 limit 1
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 141299
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 141299 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      380μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 231331 limit 1
      320μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 231331
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'NEMJ' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      400μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: NEMJ
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '141299' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      590μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '12710' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      510μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '3450' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      500μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '1' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 12710 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      1.54msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '6' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 12710 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      1.59msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 6
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      510μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      460μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 141299 limit 1
      4.45msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 141299
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 186 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739848504 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739848504 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.72msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 186
      • 3: 1739848504
      • 4: 1739848504
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 186 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739848504 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739848504 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.35msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 186
      • 3: 1739848504
      • 4: 1739848504
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='71518182a65449ec348515a51705f1a5'
      380μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        s11cezMX7sloEaVgxRFc7eoINdsXAj0AB4x64mDm
        uc_cart_id
        71518182a65449ec348515a51705f1a5
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/141299" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/141299
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6ImVmSkkzTTdEdXNiWTI5SVdTZ1hEaUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVWExaUpsdEx6dTZjeC96eEovQkpiQnQ4V2ZzRFRzc0QwUjZsRmk4WlNPVT0iLCJtYWMiOiI4ZjZmOThlZGM2ZjQ5ZWJiYzg1NmI2NjE2ZjE4MDUzODBmYzE2NjNlNjZjMWY0OGI4ZjIyN2JlMjM4YjZjYzkwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6ImVmSkkzTTdEdXNiWTI5SVdTZ1hEaUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVWExaUpsdEx6dTZjeC96eEovQkpiQnQ4V2ZzRFRzc0QwUjZsRmk4WlNPVT0iLCJtYWMiOiI4ZjZmOThlZGM2ZjQ5" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 18 Feb 2025 03:15:04 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjNremh4dkYwcFRuTW1Xdys5N3lPeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVldPaXc2Qlk5eWU3WjlUUkdKdjcvdGtvcTlnK1YvdHI4VC85eWgxSExLYWFZY3c5QnJnTGlBUHo1LzVlUXpxdWlONjZKNUpnZjU1WDJMRGZLMGJJdkxpNkQzNlR2di8yMHNTT291SGdFVXNVQlA1blRaWmxNbkRrL0pUd1dFeVoiLCJtYWMiOiJiYTRmMWY3NzhiNGQ1ZWQ2ZDcxZGEzN2JlZTRkNjU5YjZhNTU5MDQ2N2YzMWI0ZThiNTNiN2NlZjY4Nzk0MjM4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 15:15:04 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjNremh4dkYwcFRuTW1Xdys5N3lPeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVldPaXc2Qlk5eWU3WjlUUkdKdjcvdGtvcTlnK1YvdHI4VC85eWgxSExLYWFZY3c5QnJnTGlBUHo1LzVlUXpxdWlONjZKN" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJMVVFIaGxyRGRiaVc2dHBXK1ZGQnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTUlna1BVQXFXZ25XYUExdlFERi82aFlDbzZia3RObFQ3V3JNMmNmVXR6U3gvUU95TSszMHFGeVpqQXNJTmJ1TFp3RTRuSk5TMmlUQk51NUgvMklMcHBDNWlIaHc2ZjRvSDdMVGR1b0xXWXlKdlF2NzNNTjJ1emFEUCtJRHVaa20iLCJtYWMiOiI0MjVlZmU4ZTdlZjg1MWJkMjZiNTM0ZjQ1YjM4NTFjNjE0NmM5YmViMGI0YWIxNzE4NjU5ZmMzMGEyMTBkZWU2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJMVVFIaGxyRGRiaVc2dHBXK1ZGQnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTUlna1BVQXFXZ25XYUExdlFERi82aFlDbzZia3RObFQ3V3JNMmNmVXR6U3gvUU95TSszMHFGeVp" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjNremh4dkYwcFRuTW1Xdys5N3lPeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVldPaXc2Qlk5eWU3WjlUUkdKdjcvdGtvcTlnK1YvdHI4VC85eWgxSExLYWFZY3c5QnJnTGlBUHo1LzVlUXpxdWlONjZKNUpnZjU1WDJMRGZLMGJJdkxpNkQzNlR2di8yMHNTT291SGdFVXNVQlA1blRaWmxNbkRrL0pUd1dFeVoiLCJtYWMiOiJiYTRmMWY3NzhiNGQ1ZWQ2ZDcxZGEzN2JlZTRkNjU5YjZhNTU5MDQ2N2YzMWI0ZThiNTNiN2NlZjY4Nzk0MjM4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 15:15:04 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjNremh4dkYwcFRuTW1Xdys5N3lPeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVldPaXc2Qlk5eWU3WjlUUkdKdjcvdGtvcTlnK1YvdHI4VC85eWgxSExLYWFZY3c5QnJnTGlBUHo1LzVlUXpxdWlONjZKN" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJMVVFIaGxyRGRiaVc2dHBXK1ZGQnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTUlna1BVQXFXZ25XYUExdlFERi82aFlDbzZia3RObFQ3V3JNMmNmVXR6U3gvUU95TSszMHFGeVpqQXNJTmJ1TFp3RTRuSk5TMmlUQk51NUgvMklMcHBDNWlIaHc2ZjRvSDdMVGR1b0xXWXlKdlF2NzNNTjJ1emFEUCtJRHVaa20iLCJtYWMiOiI0MjVlZmU4ZTdlZjg1MWJkMjZiNTM0ZjQ1YjM4NTFjNjE0NmM5YmViMGI0YWIxNzE4NjU5ZmMzMGEyMTBkZWU2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkJMVVFIaGxyRGRiaVc2dHBXK1ZGQnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTUlna1BVQXFXZ25XYUExdlFERi82aFlDbzZia3RObFQ3V3JNMmNmVXR6U3gvUU95TSszMHFGeVp" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "s11cezMX7sloEaVgxRFc7eoINdsXAj0AB4x64mDm" "uc_cart_id" => "71518182a65449ec348515a51705f1a5" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/141299" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-18 03:15:04GET/article/141299513331