Abstract
Asthma, is a chronic disease of the airways and is characterized by exacerbations of bronchospasm and noticeable airway inflammation. Current asthma therapy has emerged from naturally occurring compounds through rational pharmaceutical advancements, and it is very beneficial. In this review, we have discussed the different drug therapies i.e., Ayurvedic, Homeopathic, Unani, and Allopathic affecting asthma treatment. Allopathic medicines are used as a controller medication for regular maintenance of asthma i.e., long-acting β-agonists, inhaled corticosteroids, anti-leukotriene medicines, and novel biologic agents. Pharmacological research is more important in generating effective, long-lasting, and safe asthma treatments, but it has been difficult to produce new classes of anti-asthmatic therapies. A combination inhaler that contains a long-acting β2-agonist and a corticosteroid is currently the "gold standard" for treating asthma. Allopathic treatments for asthma have been proven effective in reducing the probability of asthma attacks and for improving symptoms along with lung functions as compared to other therapies. The level of asthma management and the possible risk of future worsening are used to determine the treatment's strategies. This review article describes the comparison of allopathic therapy of asthma with homeopathy, ayurvedic and Unani system and gives justification supported by a number of case studies for being allopathic, a better therapy when compared with others.
Graphical Abstract
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-9476.82522] [PMID: 21760694]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02770909909065150] [PMID: 10077136]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-2456(95)00134-4] [PMID: 8721797]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax.55.11.925] [PMID: 11050261]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5535727] [PMID: 33995545]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/97320630002105] [PMID: 18288333]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02770900701247202] [PMID: 17994396]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40816-015-0005-0]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0952-3278(88)90115-9] [PMID: 3141935]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15096.3]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0095-4543(01)00008-2] [PMID: 12391710]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nep122] [PMID: 19703926]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-104418] [PMID: 27124241]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13223-016-0145-x] [PMID: 27536321]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1308] [PMID: 16675332]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.16.SPL1.01]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(90)90053-H] [PMID: 2314323]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000235416] [PMID: 1718906]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2010.01.002] [PMID: 20149611]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.96347] [PMID: 22701255]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000353.pub2]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0009] [PMID: 33984879]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_618_19] [PMID: 33015201]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60199-1] [PMID: 25312125]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/tim.v4i3.1682]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/pr.119.018150] [PMID: 31848208]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573398X18666220526164329]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000433559] [PMID: 26068579]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40265-019-01202-0] [PMID: 31584145]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2021.01.027] [PMID: 33563506]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2009.07.005] [PMID: 19762093]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.149.6.8004311] [PMID: 8004311]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jphi.JPHI_58_17] [PMID: 29184823]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198111263052218] [PMID: 7290162]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.7872] [PMID: 34009257]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199605233342107] [PMID: 8614425]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(85)90806-1] [PMID: 3924984]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(97)80057-1] [PMID: 9329408]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2918(03)80315-6] [PMID: 14667955]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114112] [PMID: 32598948]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/all.14221] [PMID: 32034960]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1753440]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2016.04.012] [PMID: 27545740]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559325819870900] [PMID: 31523203]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2015.1129388] [PMID: 26848803]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2018.00234] [PMID: 30191146]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.117.5.1526-a] [PMID: 10807855]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4187/respcare.03200] [PMID: 25118311]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.03.002] [PMID: 28477722]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2009.09.021] [PMID: 19910033]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00202013] [PMID: 24337046]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1714257] [PMID: 29504499]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0808907] [PMID: 19164187]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0954-6111(08)80110-2] [PMID: 2177216]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00598-2019] [PMID: 31273040]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/all.15076] [PMID: 34478578]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2021.10.011] [PMID: 34666208]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2215083810666230525153908]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200906-0937OC] [PMID: 20224070]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753466618805662] [PMID: 30336736]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202109-2205PP] [PMID: 34658302]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547374] [PMID: 4054209]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.163.4.2008014] [PMID: 11282767]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.160.5.9902098] [PMID: 10556135]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/148.5.1252] [PMID: 8239161]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41030-021-00177-2] [PMID: 34743311]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.21974] [PMID: 33270095]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2020.1788076] [PMID: 32586146]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199206043262306] [PMID: 1579137]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2008-2233D] [PMID: 19221157]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-022-02024-9] [PMID: 35710361]
[PMID: 10906907]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4699414] [PMID: 36072402]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01823.x] [PMID: 18691305]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02770903.2012.738268] [PMID: 23574397]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2020.10.003] [PMID: 33280709]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200161030-00007] [PMID: 11293649]