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Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets

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Systematic Review Article

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Levels of Physical Activity: A Systematic Review

Author(s): Esmaeil Mehraeen, Amirali Karimi, Peyman Mirghaderi, Pegah Mirzapour, Zahra Pashaei, Kowsar Qaderi, Amir Masoud Afsahi, Alireza Barzegary, Parsa Mohammadi, Alireza Shojaei, Solmaz Saeidi, Fatemeh Afroughi, Mehrzad MohsseniPour, Nazanin Janfaza, Omid Dadras, Ava Amiri, Kimia Azad, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi*, Marcarious Moorkereh Tantuoyir and Fabricio Voltarelli

Volume 23, Issue 4, 2023

Published on: 08 March, 2023

Article ID: e200123212975 Pages: 19

DOI: 10.2174/1871526523666230120143118

Price: $65

Abstract

Introduction: Earlier studies demonstrated a decreased level of physical activity (PA) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the relevant studies among various age groups and explore the impact on physical and mental health.

Methods: We searched and retrieved all relevant articles using the keywords on the online databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane from the start of the pandemic until May 3rd, 2021. A two-phase screening process of identified records was carried out to shortlist the most relevant studies. First, the studies were evaluated based on their title/abstract, and then the full-text of included studies was thoroughly read. The eligible studies based on the eligibility criteria were included in this review.

Results: A total of 57 studies were included based on the eligibility criteria. Lockdowns and infection with SARS-CoV-2 have led to a decreased level of PA in the general population compared to the prepandemic era. Men had significantly less PA compared to women in some studies, probably due to higher pre-pandemic PA. The level of PA among those with chronic diseases also significantly diminished, putting them at a higher risk of cardiovascular incidents. Sedentary lifestyles have dominated people’s life, including adolescents and university students. The increased levels of mental health issues, such as depression, anxiety, and occupational stress, have been suggested to contribute to the decreased PA. On the other hand, the decreased PA appeared to lead to more mental health issues. Fortunately, the decreasing trend of PA seemed to taper towards the end of the quarantines.

Conclusion: Overall, the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent quarantines reduced PA among all age groups and both sexes and had detrimental effects on people's physical and mental health. We suggest countries implement strategies to alleviate restrictions and encourage people to exercise in safe environments and prepare healthy routines for themselves.

Graphical Abstract

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