Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Women`s Health Reviews

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4048
ISSN (Online): 1875-6581

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Systematic Review Article

Oral Health Intervention During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review

Author(s): Saeid Bashirian, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Majid Barati, Salman Khazaei, Shabnam Seyedzadeh-Sabounchi and Maryam Barati*

Volume 19, Issue 3, 2023

Published on: 05 August, 2022

Article ID: e120522204683 Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1573404818666220512152735

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Oral health during pregnancy is essential regarding its long-term and shortterm effects on maternal and child health.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the strategies and methods used in oral health promotion interventions during pregnancy. Also, it is tried to determine the extent to which environmental barriers and socio-economic factors, in addition to individual factors, have been considered in the design of these interventions.

Methods: The data were extracted from Pub-Med, Web of Science, and Scopus databases by searching the published papers before November 2019. The search terms consisted of pregnancy, oral health promotion, health education, and preventive health services, resulting in 2772 records. The inclusion criteria were pregnant women as a target group; study design with randomized (controlled) trials; implementing a minimum of one health promotion intervention; and studying the outcomes including knowledge, attitudes, dental cleaning behaviors, and clinical examinations. On the other hand, the articles only focused on the infant’s oral health were excluded.

Results: A total of 20 articles were included in this study. The subject of most reviewed studies was the individual-level interventions using various methods, including lectures, role-playing, group discussion, one-on-one counseling, skill-based education, commercials on the video-sharing website, and using social networks. Few studies (n = 4) provided screening and referring to dental services, prophylaxis, nonsurgical therapy, and initial periodontal treatment. Only one study focused on socio- economic factors, including cost and location of dental services and involvement of prenatal care providers.

Conclusion: According to ecological approaches, maintenance of outcomes needs addressing multilevel determinants. However, based on the results, a few oral health interventions during pregnancy included environmental/policy-level factors in addition to individual factors. Hence, interventions with different strategies that consider multiple determinants are needed.

Keywords: Pregnancy, oral health, health promotion, systematic review, intervention, multiple determinants.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Johnson, M.; George, A.; Dahlen, H.; Ajwani, S.; Bhole, S.; Blinkhorn, A.; Ellis, S.; Yeo, A. The midwifery initiated oral health-dental service protocol: An intervention to improve oral health outcomes for pregnant women. BMC Oral Health, 2015, 15(1), 2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6831-15-2] [PMID: 25588410]
[2]
Marla, V.; Srii, R.; Roy, D.K.; Ajmera, H. The importance of oral health during pregnancy: A review. MedicalExpress , 2018, 5, 5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/MedicalExpress.2018.mr.002]
[3]
Scannapieco, F.A.; Bush, R.B.; Paju, S. Periodontal disease as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. A systematic review. Ann. Periodontol., 2003, 8(1), 70-78.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/annals.2003.8.1.70] [PMID: 14971249]
[4]
Xiong, X.; Buekens, P.; Fraser, W.D.; Beck, J.; Offenbacher, S. Periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review. BJOG, 2006, 113(2), 135-143.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00827.x] [PMID: 16411989]
[5]
Daalderop, L.A.; Wieland, B.V.; Tomsin, K.; Reyes, L.; Kramer, B.W.; Vanterpool, S.F. Periodontal disease and pregnancy outcomes: Overview of systematic reviews. JDR Clin. Trans. Res., 2018, 3(1), 10-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2380084417731097] [PMID: 30370334]
[6]
Corbella, S.; Taschieri, S.; Francetti, L.; De Siena, F.; Del Fabbro, M. Periodontal disease as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies. Odontology, 2012, 100(2), 232-240.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10266-011-0036-z] [PMID: 21739194]
[7]
Vamos, C.A.; Thompson, E.L.; Avendano, M.; Daley, E.M.; Quinonez, R.B.; Boggess, K. Oral health promotion interventions during pregnancy: A systematic review. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol., 2015, 43(5), 385-396.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12167] [PMID: 25959402]
[8]
Anil, S.; Anand, P.S. Early childhood caries: Prevalence, risk factors, and prevention. Front Pediatr., 2017, 5, 157.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2017.00157] [PMID: 28770188]
[9]
Krisdapong, S.; Somkotra, T.; Kueakulpipat, W. Disparities in early childhood caries and its impact on oral health-related quality of life of preschool children. Asia Pac. J. Public Health, 2014, 26(3), 285-294.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539512438608] [PMID: 22426563]
[10]
Kagihara, L.E.; Niederhauser, V.P.; Stark, M. Assessment, management, and prevention of early childhood caries. J. Am. Assoc. Nurse Pract., 2009, 21(1), 1-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2008.00367.x] [PMID: 19125889]
[11]
Available from: http:s://www.cdc.gov/cdi/definitions/oral-health. html
[12]
Boggess, K.A.; Urlaub, D.M.; Massey, K.E.; Moos, M.K.; Matheson, M.B.; Lorenz, C. Oral hygiene practices and dental service utilization among pregnant women. J. Am. Dent. Assoc., 2010, 141(5), 553-561.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2010.0228] [PMID: 20436103]
[13]
Vergnes, J-N.; Pastor-Harper, D.; Constantin, D.; Bedos, C.; Kaminski, M.; Nabet, C.; Sixou, M.; Rouillon, F. Perceived oral health and use of dental services during pregnancy: The MaterniDent study. Sante Publique, 2013, 25(3), 281-292.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/spub.253.0281] [PMID: 24007904]
[14]
Maybury, C.; Horowitz, A.M.; La Touche-Howard, S.; Child, W.; Battanni, K.; Qi, Wang M. Oral health literacy and dental care among low-income pregnant women. Am. J. Health Behav., 2019, 43(3), 556-568.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.43.3.10] [PMID: 31046886]
[15]
Ruiz, L.F.; Uffermann, G.; Vargas-Ferreira, F.; Bavaresco, C.S.; Neves, M.; de Moura, F.R.R. Use of dental care among pregnant women in the Brazilian Unified health system. Oral Health Prev. Dent., 2019, 17(1), 25-31.
[PMID: 30793119]
[16]
George, A.; Johnson, M.; Blinkhorn, A.; Ajwani, S.; Bhole, S.; Yeo, A.E.; Ellis, S. The oral health status, practices and knowledge of pregnant women in south-western Sydney. Aust. Dent. J., 2013, 58(1), 26-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/adj.12024] [PMID: 23441789]
[17]
Avula, H.; Mishra, A.; Arora, N.; Avula, J. KAP assessment of oral health and adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women in Hyderabad, India. Oral Health Prev. Dent., 2013, 11(3), 261-270.
[PMID: 23957047]
[18]
Asa’ad, F.A.; Rahman, G.; Al Mahmoud, N.; Al Shamasi, E.; Al Khuwaileidi, A. Periodontal disease awareness among pregnant women in the central and eastern regions of Saudi Arabia. J. Investig. Clin. Dent., 2015, 6(1), 8-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jicd.12061] [PMID: 23946249]
[19]
Glanz, K.; Rimer, B. Theory at a Glance: A Guide for Health Promotion Practice, 2nd; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services: Washington, DC, 2005.
[20]
Iida, H. Oral health interventions during pregnancy. Dental Clin., 2017, 61(3), 467-481.
[PMID: 28577632]
[21]
Hartnett, E.; Haber, J.; Krainovich-Miller, B.; Bella, A.; Vasilyeva, A.; Lange Kessler, J. Oral health in pregnancy. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Neonatal Nurs., 2016, 45(4), 565-573.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2016.04.005] [PMID: 27281467]
[22]
Moher, D.; Liberati, A.; Tetzlaff, J.; Altman, D.G.; Group, P. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Med., 2009, 6(7), e1000097.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097] [PMID: 19621072]
[23]
Schardt, C.; Adams, M.B.; Owens, T.; Keitz, S.; Fontelo, P. Utilization of the PICO framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions. BMC Med. Inform. Decis. Mak., 2007, 7(1), 16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-7-16] [PMID: 17573961]
[24]
Verhagen, A.P.; de Vet, H.C.; de Bie, R.A.; Kessels, A.G.; Boers, M.; Bouter, L.M.; Knipschild, P.G. The Delphi list: A criteria list for quality assessment of randomized clinical trials for conducting systematic reviews developed by Delphi consensus. J. Clin. Epidemiol., 1998, 51(12), 1235-1241.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0895-4356(98)00131-0] [PMID: 10086815]
[25]
Rahmani, A.; Allahqoli, L.; Hashemian, M.; Ghanei Gheshlagh, R.; Nemat-Shahrbabaki, B. Effect education based on trans-theoretical model on reduction of the prevalence of gingivitis among pregnant women: Application of Telegram social network. Sci. J. Kurd. Uni. Med. Sci., 2019, 24(2), 74-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/sjku.24.2.74]
[26]
Ghaffari, M.; Rakhshanderou, S.; Safari-Moradabadi, A.; Torabi, S. Oral and dental health care during pregnancy: Evaluating a theory-driven intervention. Oral Dis., 2018, 24(8), 1606-1614.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/odi.12928] [PMID: 29949233]
[27]
Al Khamis, S.; Asimakopoulou, K.; Newton, T.; Daly, B. The effect of dental health education on pregnant women’s adherence with toothbrushing and flossing - A randomized control trial. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol., 2017, 45(5), 469-477.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12311] [PMID: 28612363]
[28]
Bahri, N.; Tohidinik, H.R.; Bahri, N.; Iliati, H.R.; Moshki, M.; Darabi, F. Educational intervention to improve oral health beliefs and behaviors during pregnancy: A randomized-controlled trial. J. Egypt. Public Health Assoc., 2015, 90(2), 41-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.EPX.0000464139.06374.a4] [PMID: 26154829]
[29]
Lin, D.L.; Harrison, R.; Aleksejuniene, J. Can a prenatal dental public health program make a difference? J. Can. Dent. Assoc., 2011, 77(32), b32.
[PMID: 21507285]
[30]
Adams, S.H.; Gregorich, S.E.; Rising, S.S.; Hutchison, M.; Chung, L.H. Integrating a nurse‐midwife‐led oral health intervention into centering pregnancy prenatal care: Results of a pilot study. J. Midwifery Womens Health, 2017, 62(4), 463-469.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12613] [PMID: 28686808]
[31]
George, A.; Dahlen, H.G.; Blinkhorn, A.; Ajwani, S.; Bhole, S.; Ellis, S.; Yeo, A.; Elcombe, E.; Johnson, M. Evaluation of a midwifery initiated oral health-dental service program to improve oral health and birth outcomes for pregnant women: A multi-centre randomised controlled trial. Int. J. Nurs. Stud., 2018, 82, 49-57.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.03.006] [PMID: 29605753]
[32]
Geisinger, M.L.; Geurs, N.C.; Bain, J.L.; Kaur, M.; Vassilopoulos, P.J.; Cliver, S.P.; Hauth, J.C.; Reddy, M.S. Oral health education and therapy reduces gingivitis during pregnancy. J. Clin. Periodontol., 2014, 41(2), 141-148.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12188] [PMID: 24164645]
[33]
Shahnazi, H.; Hosseintalaei, M.; Esteki Ghashghaei, F.; Charkazi, A.; Yahyavi, Y.; Sharifirad, G. Effect of educational intervention on perceived susceptibility self-efficacy and DMFT of pregnant women. Iran. Red Crescent Med. J., 2016, 18(5), e24960.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.24960] [PMID: 27437124]
[34]
Chawla, R.M.; Shetiya, S.H.; Agarwal, D.R.; Mitra, P.; Bomble, N.A.; Narayana, D.S. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women regarding oral health status and treatment needs following oral health education in Pune District of Maharashtra: A longitudinal hospital-based Study. J. Contemp. Dent. Pract., 2017, 18(5), 371-377.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2049] [PMID: 28512275]
[35]
Riedy, C.A.; Weinstein, P.; Mancl, L.; Garson, G.; Huebner, C.E.; Milgrom, P.; Grembowski, D.; Shepherd-Banigan, M.; Smolen, D.; Sutherland, M. Dental attendance among low-income women and their children following a brief motivational counseling intervention: A community randomized trial. Soc. Sci. Med., 2015, 144, 9-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.09.005] [PMID: 26372934]
[36]
Shamsi, M.; Hidarnia, A.; Niknami, S. Effects of educational programs on DMFT plaque index and performance of pregnant women. J. Mazandaran Univ. Med. Sci., 2013, 23(100), 62-72.
[37]
Kaur, M.; Geisinger, M.L.; Geurs, N.C.; Griffin, R.; Vassilopoulos, P.J.; Vermeulen, L.; Haigh, S.; Reddy, M.S. Effect of intensive oral hygiene regimen during pregnancy on periodontal health, cytokine levels, and pregnancy outcomes: A pilot study. J. Periodontol., 2014, 85(12), 1684-1692.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2014.140248] [PMID: 25079400]
[38]
Anderson, C.; Harris, M.S.; Kovarik, R.; Skelton, J. Discovering expectant mothers’ beliefs about oral health: An application of the centering pregnancy smiles program. Int. Q. Community Health Educ., 2009-2010, 30(2), 115-140.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/IQ.30.2.c] [PMID: 20570801]
[39]
Cibulka, N.J.; Forney, S.; Goodwin, K.; Lazaroff, P.; Sarabia, R. Improving oral health in low-income pregnant women with a nurse practitioner-directed oral care program. J. Am. Acad. Nurse Pract., 2011, 23(5), 249-257.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2011.00606.x] [PMID: 21518073]
[40]
Cardenas, L.M.; Ross, D.D. Effects of an oral health education program for pregnant women. J. Tenn. Dent. Assoc., 2010, 90(2), 23-26.
[PMID: 20698433]
[41]
Bates, S.B.; Riedy, C.A. Changing knowledge and beliefs through an oral health pregnancy message. J. Public Health Dent., 2012, 72(2), 104-111.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2011.00289.x] [PMID: 22316424]
[42]
Ebrahimipour, S.; Ebrahimipoiur, H.; Alibakhshian, F.; Mohamadzadeh, M. Effect of education based on the theory of planned behavior on adoption of oral health behaviors of pregnant women referred to health centers of Birjand in 2016. J. Int. Soc. Prev. Community Dent., 2016, 6(6), 584-589.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2231-0762.195514] [PMID: 28032052]
[43]
Jeihooni, A.K.; Jamshidi, H.; Kashfi, S.M.; Avand, A.; Khiyali, Z. The effect of health education program based on health belief model on oral health behaviors in pregnant women of Fasa city, Fars Province, South of Iran. J. Int. Soc. Prev. Community Dent., 2017, 7(6), 336-343.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_339_17] [PMID: 29387617]
[44]
Vasiliauskiene, I.; Milciuviene, S.; Bendoraitiene, E.; Narbutaite, J.; Slabsinskiene, E.; Andruskeviciene, V. Dynamics of pregnant women’s oral health status during preventive programme. Stomatologija, 2007, 9(4), 129-136.
[PMID: 18303278]
[45]
Rahmani, A.; Hamanajm, S.A.; Allahqoli, L.; Fallahi, A. Factors affecting dental cleaning behaviour among pregnant women with gingivitis. Int. J. Dent. Hyg., 2019, 17(3), 214-220.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/idh.12387] [PMID: 30702793]
[46]
Rocha, J.S.; Arima, L.; Chibinski, A.C.; Werneck, R.I.; Moysés, S.J.; Baldani, M.H. Barriers and facilitators to dental care during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. Cad. Saude Publica, 2018, 34(8), e00130817.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00130817] [PMID: 30208187]
[47]
Nakre, P.D.; Harikiran, A.G. Effectiveness of oral health education programs: A systematic review. J. Int. Soc. Prev. Community Dent., 2013, 3(2), 103-115.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2231-0762.127810] [PMID: 24778989]
[48]
Özen, B.; Özer, L.; Başak, F.; Altun, C.; Açkel, C. Turkish women’s self-reported knowledge and behavior towards oral health during pregnancy. Med. Princ. Pract., 2012, 21(4), 318-322.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000334635] [PMID: 22134112]
[49]
Gonik, B.; Wilson, E.; Mayberry, M.; Joarder, B.Y. Pregnant patient knowledge and behavior regarding perinatal oral health. Am. J. Perinatol., 2017, 34(7), 663-667.
[PMID: 27926974]
[50]
Lamarca, G.A. do C Leal, M.; Sheiham, A.; Vettore, M.V. The association of neighbourhood and individual social capital with consistent self-rated health: A longitudinal study in Brazilian pregnant and postpartum women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 2013, 13(1), 1-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-13-1] [PMID: 23324161]
[51]
Chi, D.L.; Milgrom, P.; Carle, A.C.; Huebner, C.E.; Mancl, L.A. Multilevel factors associated with dentists’ counseling of pregnant women about periodontal health. Spec. Care Dentist., 2014, 34(1), 2-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/scd.12014] [PMID: 24382365]
[52]
Palupi, R.; Juzika, O.; Romadhoni, S.F. Impact of social support on the periodontal health among population of pregnant women in Javanese Ethnic Group. Indian J. Public Health Res. Dev., 2019, 10(10), 1046.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.02962.0]
[53]
Vamos, C.A.; Griner, S.B.; Kirchharr, C.; Green, S.M.; DeBate, R.; Daley, E.M.; Quinonez, R.B.; Boggess, K.A.; Jacobs, T.; Christiansen, S. The development of a theory-based eHealth app prototype to promote oral health during prenatal care visits. Transl. Behav. Med., 2019, 9(6), 1100-1111.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibz047] [PMID: 31009536]
[54]
Lachat, M.F.; Solnik, A.L.; Nana, A.D.; Citron, T.L. Periodontal disease in pregnancy: Review of the evidence and prevention strategies. J. Perinat. Neonatal Nurs., 2011, 25(4), 312-319.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JPN.0b013e31821072e4] [PMID: 22071614]
[55]
Marchi, K.S.; Fisher-Owens, S.A.; Weintraub, J.A.; Yu, Z.; Braveman, P.A. Most pregnant women in California do not receive dental care: Findings from a population-based study. Public Health Rep., 2010, 125(6), 831-842.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003335491012500610] [PMID: 21121228]
[56]
Villarosa, A.C.; Villarosa, A.R.; Salamonson, Y.; Ramjan, L.M.; Sousa, M.S.; Srinivas, R.; Jones, N.; George, A. The role of indigenous health workers in promoting oral health during pregnancy: A scoping review. BMC Public Health, 2018, 18(1), 381.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5281-4] [PMID: 29558933]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy