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Current Molecular Pharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1874-4672
ISSN (Online): 1874-4702

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Review Article

Antifungal Activity of Plant Secondary Metabolites on Candida albicans: An Updated Review

Author(s): Andleeb Khan*, Sivakumar Sivagurunathan Moni, M. Ali, Syam Mohan, Huma Jan, Saiema Rasool, Mohammad A Kamal, Saeed Alshahrani, Maryam Halawi and Hassan A Alhazmi

Volume 16, Issue 1, 2023

Published on: 05 August, 2022

Article ID: e040322201749 Pages: 28

DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220304143332

Price: $65

Abstract

Fungal infections have been increasing continuously worldwide, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Fungi, regarded as eukaryotic pathogens, have many similarities to the host cells, which inhibit anti-fungal drug development progress. Various fungal model systems have been studied, and it was concluded that Candida spp. is the most common disease-causing fungus. Candida species are well known to cause infections not only in our mouth, skin, and vagina, but they are also a frequent cause of life-threatening hospital bloodstream infections. The morphological and developmental pathways of Candida have been studied extensively, providing insight into the fungus development. Candida albicans is known to be the most pathogenic species responsible for a variety of infections in humans. Conventional anti-fungal drugs, mainly azoles drugs available in the market, have been used for years developing resistance in C. albicans. Hence, the production of new anti-fungal drugs, which require detailed molecular knowledge of fungal pathogenesis, needs to be encouraged. Therefore, this review targets the new approach of "Green Medicines" or the phytochemicals and their secondary metabolites as a source of novel anti-fungal agents to overcome the drug resistance of C. albicans, their mechanism of action, and their combined effects with the available anti-fungal drugs.

Keywords: Fungal model systems, Candida albicans, Candidiasis, Drug resistance, secondary metabolites, green medicines.

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