Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current HIV Research

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-162X
ISSN (Online): 1873-4251

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Case Report

Multilocular Thymic Cyst in a Patient with Untreated HIV/AIDS: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Author(s): Mary M. Czech*, William Ogden, Rashmi Batra and Joseph D. Cooper

Volume 20, Issue 2, 2022

Published on: 26 January, 2022

Page: [193 - 198] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/1570162X20666220106152701

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Multilocular thymic cysts (MTCs) in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are rarely reported.

Case Presentation: We describe a case of symptomatic MTC in a male with untreated HIV. A presumptive diagnosis was established based on radiographic imaging and biopsy. Pathologic diagnosis and exclusion of malignancy were ultimately confirmed following thymectomy. In conjunction with starting antiretroviral therapy, the patient recovered well post-operatively with a resolution of his presenting symptoms.

Conclusion: Our case report and review of the literature serve to highlight MTCs as an important clinical entity occurring in persons with HIV.

Keywords: Multilocular thymic cyst, thymus, follicular hyperplasia, lymphoid disorder, lymphadenopathy, HIV, AIDS.

« Previous
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Carter BW, Marom EM, Detterbeck FC. Approaching the patient with an anterior mediastinal mass: a guide for clinicians. J Thorac Oncol 2014; 9(9): S102-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0000000000000294] [PMID: 25396306]
[2]
Ventevogel MS, Sempowski GD. Thymic rejuvenation and aging. Curr Opin Immunol 2013; 25(4): 516-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2013.06.002] [PMID: 23831111]
[3]
Wick MR. Mediastinal pathology and the contributions of Dr. Juan Rosai. Semin Diagn Pathol 2016; 33(5): 319-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.semdp.2016.05.005] [PMID: 27453172]
[4]
Chhieng DC, Demaria S, Yee HT, Yang GCH. Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular lymphoid hyperplasia in a male infected with HIV. A case report with fine needle aspiration cytology. Acta Cytol 1999; 43(6): 1119-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000331364] [PMID: 10578989]
[5]
Kontny HU, Sleasman JW, Kingma DW, et al. Multilocular thymic cysts in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection: clinical and pathologic aspects. J Pediatr 1997; 131(2): 264-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(97)70164-1] [PMID: 9290614]
[6]
Leonidas JC, Berdon WE, Valderrama E, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus infection and multilocular thymic cysts. Radiology 1996; 198(2): 377-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.198.2.8596835] [PMID: 8596835]
[7]
Prevot S, Audouin J, Andre-Bougaran J, et al. Thymic pseudotumorous enlargement due to follicular hyperplasia in a human immunodeficiency virus sero-positive patient. Immunohistochemical and molecular biological study of viral infected cells. Am J Clin Pathol 1992; 97(3): 420-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/97.3.420] [PMID: 1543167]
[8]
Shi X, Nasseri F, Berger DM, Nachiappan AC. Large multilocular thymic cyst: a rare finding in an HIV positive adult female. J Clin Imaging Sci 2012; 2(3): 55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.100379] [PMID: 23029638]
[9]
Tamagno M, Bibas BJ, Bernardi F, et al. Giant multilocular thymic cyst in an HIV-infected adolescent. J Pediatr Surg 2011; 46(9): 1842-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.06.009] [PMID: 21930000]
[10]
Okumura S, Ohta T, Fujioka M, Nakabayashi H. A case of multilocular thymic cyst with myasthenia gravis. Nihon Kyobu Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1995; 43(6): 917-21.
[PMID: 7616046]
[11]
Gorospe L, García-Villanueva MJ, García-Cosío-Piqueras M, García-Gómez-Muriel I. Multilocular thymic cyst in a patient with Sjögren syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 58(2): 369.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/key221] [PMID: 30053156]
[12]
Kawamoto N, Okita R, Inokawa H, Murakami T, Okabe K. Multilocular thymic cyst in a patient with preclinical rheumatoid arthritis: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 74: 136-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.07.084] [PMID: 32836209]
[13]
Matsumoto S, Mori Y, Takiya H, Iwata H, Shirahashi K. Multilocular thymic cyst associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Kyobu Geka 2012; 65(3): 205-8.
[PMID: 22374595]
[14]
Chou SHS, Prabhu SJ, Crothers K, Stern EJ, Godwin JD, Pipavath SN. Thoracic diseases associated with HIV infection in the era of antiretroviral therapy: clinical and imaging findings. Radiographics 2014; 34(4): 895-911.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.344130115] [PMID: 25019430]
[15]
Avila NA, Mueller BU, Carrasquillo JA, Kontny HU, Jaffe ES, Pizzo PA. Multilocular thymic cysts: imaging features in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Radiology 1996; 201(1): 130-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.201.1.8816533] [PMID: 8816533]
[16]
Chadburn A, Abdul-Nabi AM, Teruya BS, Lo AA. Lymphoid proliferations associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2013; 137(3): 360-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2012-0095-RA] [PMID: 23451747]
[17]
Ghrenassia E, Martis N, Boyer J, Burel-Vandenbos F, Mekinian A, Coppo P. The diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS). A comprehensive review. J Autoimmun 2015; 59: 19-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2015.01.010] [PMID: 25660200]
[18]
Barrionuevo-Cornejo C, Dueñas-Hancco D. Lymphadenopathies in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Semin Diagn Pathol 2018; 35(1): 84-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.semdp.2017.12.001] [PMID: 29277280]
[19]
Glushko T, He L, McNamee W, Babu AS, Simpson SA. HIV lymphadenopathy: differential diagnosis and important imaging features. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2021; 216(2): 526-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.19.22334] [PMID: 33325733]
[20]
Meissner EG, Duus KM, Loomis R, D’Agostin R, Su L. HIV-1 replication and pathogenesis in the human thymus. Curr HIV Res 2003; 1(3): 275-85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162033485258] [PMID: 15046252]
[21]
Ye P, Kirschner DE, Kourtis AP. The thymus during HIV disease: role in pathogenesis and in immune recovery. Curr HIV Res 2004; 2(2): 177-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162043484898] [PMID: 15078181]
[22]
Shen X, Jin Y, Shen L, Sun Y, Chen H, Li Y. Thymoma and thymic carcinoma associated with multilocular thymic cyst: a clinicopathologic analysis of 18 cases. Diagn Pathol 2018; 13(1): 41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13000-018-0719-7] [PMID: 29945642]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
30
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy