Non-hepatic Hyperammonemia: A Potential Therapeutic Target for
Sepsis-associated Encephalopathy

Lina       Zhao; Yun      Li; Yunying       Wang; Zengzheng       Ge; Huadong       Zhu; Xiuhua       Zhou; Yi       Li
doi:10.2174/1871527321666211221161534
Abstract

Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy (SAE) is a common complication in the acute phase of sepsis, and patients who develop SAE have a higher mortality rate, longer hospital stay, and worse quality of life than other sepsis patients. Although the incidence of SAE is as high as 70% in sepsis patients, no effective treatment is available for this condition. To develop an effective treatment for SAE, it is vital to explore its pathogenesis. It is known that hyperammonemia is a possible factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy as ammonia is a potent neurotoxin. Furthermore, our previous studies indicate that non-hepatic hyperammonemia seems to occur more often in sepsis patients; it was also found that >50% of sepsis patients with non-hepatic hyperammonemia exhibited encephalopathy and delirium. Substatistical analyses indicate that non-hepatic hyperammonemia is an independent risk factor for SAE. This study updates the definition, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of SAE; it also investigates the possible treatment options available for non-hepatic hyperammonemia in patients with sepsis and the mechanisms by which non-hepatic hyperammonemia causes encephalopathy.
Keywords: Sepsis, sepsis-associated encephalopathy, non-hepatic hyperammonemia, pathogenesis, serum ammonia, delirium.
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Graphical Abstract

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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527321666211221161534	Print ISSN 1871-5273
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1996-3181
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets

Non-hepatic Hyperammonemia: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Sepsis-associated Encephalopathy

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