Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1871-529X
ISSN (Online): 2212-4063

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Erythrocyte Indices and Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability in Military Males

Author(s): Shiue-Wei Lai, Kun-Zhe Tsai, Shen-Huei Wang, Yu-Kai Lin, Yen-Po Lin and Gen-Min Lin*

Volume 21, Issue 4, 2021

Published on: 28 December, 2021

Page: [217 - 224] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1871529X21666211214154545

Price: $65

Abstract

Backgrounds: Severe microcytic anemia has been associated with BP changes.

Aims and Objectives: Whether the erythrocyte indices are associated with long-term BPV is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association of hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte size with long-term blood pressure variability (BPV) in young males.

Methods: This study included 1,112 healthy military males, averaging 32 years of age, in Taiwan. All participants took a measurement of systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP) every two-year from 2012 to 2018 (2012-14, 2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-18). Levels of hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of erythrocytes were obtained at the first visit. Long-term BPV was assessed by the standard deviation (SD) and average real variability (ARV). Multivariate linear regression analysis with adjustment for the baseline BP levels and other covariates was used to elucidate the association.

Results: Hemoglobin levels were borderline positively correlated with SD DBP (β and standard errors = 0.016 (0.009), P =0.06). In those with hemoglobin levels of 10.0-13.9 g/dL, hemoglobin was negatively correlated with SDSBP (β= -0.039 (0.018), P =0.03). In contrast, MCV levels were borderline positively correlated with SDSBP (β =0.085 (0.052), P =0.09). In those with MCV levels <80 fL, MCV was positively correlated with SDSBP and ARVSBP (β= 0.445 (0.210) and 0.286 (0.149), p = 0.03 and 0.05, respectively).

Conclusion: There were inconsistent patterns for the associations of erythrocyte indices with longterm BPV. We found a U-shaped relationship of hemoglobin levels with systolic BPV, whereas there was a positive linear relationship of hemoglobin and MCV levels with diastolic BPV, respectively.

Keywords: Blood pressure variability, erythrocyte size, hemoglobin, military personnel, young males, cardiovascular diseases.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Kokubo, Y.; Iwashima, Y. Higher blood pressure as a risk factor for diseases other than stroke and ischemic heart disease. Hypertension, 2015, 66(2), 254-259.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.03480] [PMID: 26077565]
[2]
Hastie, C.E.; Jeemon, P.; Coleman, H.; McCallum, L.; Patel, R.; Dawson, J.; Sloan, W.; Meredith, P.; Jones, G.C.; Muir, S.; Walters, M.; Dominiczak, A.F.; Morrison, D.; McInnes, G.T.; Padmanabhan, S. Long-term and ultra long-term blood pressure variability during follow-up and mortality in 14,522 patients with hypertension. Hypertension, 2013, 62(4), 698-705.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.01343] [PMID: 23959561]
[3]
Rothwell, P.M. Limitations of the usual blood-pressure hypothesis and importance of variability, instability, and episodic hypertension. Lancet, 2010, 375(9718), 938-948.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60309-1] [PMID: 20226991]
[4]
Parati, G.; Ochoa, J.E.; Lombardi, C.; Bilo, G. Assessment and management of blood-pressure variability. Nat. Rev. Cardiol., 2013, 10(3), 143-155.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrcardio.2013.1] [PMID: 23399972]
[5]
Brickman, A.M.; Reitz, C.; Luchsinger, J.A.; Manly, J.J.; Schupf, N.; Muraskin, J.; DeCarli, C.; Brown, T.R.; Mayeux, R. Long-term blood pressure fluctuation and cerebrovascular disease in an elderly cohort. Arch. Neurol., 2010, 67(5), 564-569.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.70] [PMID: 20457955]
[6]
Grove, J.S.; Reed, D.M.; Yano, K.; Hwang, L.J. Variability in systolic blood pressure-a risk factor for coronary heart disease? Am. J. Epidemiol., 1997, 145(9), 771-776.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009169] [PMID: 9143206]
[7]
Rothwell, P.M.; Howard, S.C.; Dolan, E.; O’Brien, E.; Dobson, J.E.; Dahlöf, B.; Sever, P.S.; Poulter, N.R. Prognostic significance of visit-to-visit variability, maximum systolic blood pressure, and episodic hypertension. Lancet, 2010, 375(9718), 895-905.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60308-X] [PMID: 20226988]
[8]
Schumacher, Y.O.; Schmid, A.; Grathwohl, D.; Bültermann, D.; Berg, A. Hematological indices and iron status in athletes of various sports and performances. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 2002, 34(5), 869-875.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200205000-00022] [PMID: 11984308]
[9]
Tsai, K.Z.; Lai, S.W.; Hsieh, C.J.; Lin, C.S.; Lin, Y.P.; Tsai, S.C.; Chung, P.S.; Lin, Y.K.; Lin, T.C.; Ho, C.L.; Han, C.L.; Kwon, Y.; Hsieh, C.B.; Lin, G.M. Association between mild anemia and physical fitness in a military male cohort: The CHIEF study. Sci. Rep., 2019, 9(1), 11165.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-47625-3] [PMID: 31371766]
[10]
Atsma, F.; Veldhuizen, I.; de Kort, W.; van Kraaij, M.; Pasker-de Jong, P.; Deinum, J. Hemoglobin level is positively associated with blood pressure in a large cohort of healthy individuals. Hypertension, 2012, 60(4), 936-941.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.193565] [PMID: 22949533]
[11]
Kim, N.H.; Lee, J.M.; Kim, H.C.; Lee, J.Y.; Yeom, H.; Lee, J.H.; Suh, I. Cross-sectional and longitudinal association between hemoglobin concentration and hypertension: A population-based cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore), 2016, 95(41), e5041.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005041] [PMID: 27741113]
[12]
Sonnweber, T.; Nairz, M.; Theurl, I.; Petzer, V.; Tymoszuk, P.; Haschka, D.; Rieger, E.; Kaessmann, B.; Deri, M.; Watzinger, K.; Steringer-Mascherbauer, R.; Tancevski, I.; Weiss, G.; Löffler-Ragg, J. The crucial impact of iron deficiency definition for the course of precapillary pulmonary hypertension. PLoS One, 2018, 13(8), e0203396.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203396] [PMID: 30161261]
[13]
Veglio, F.; Melchio, R.; Rabbia, F.; Molino, P.; Genova, G.C.; Martini, G.; Schiavone, D.; Piga, A.; Chiandussi, L. Blood pressure and heart rate in young thalassemia major patients. Am. J. Hypertens., 1998, 11(5), 539-547.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0895-7061(97)00263-X] [PMID: 9633789]
[14]
Lin, G.M.; Li, Y.H.; Lee, C.J.; Shiang, J.C.; Lin, K.H.; Chen, K.W.; Chen, Y.J.; Wu, C.F.; Lin, B.S.; Yu, Y.S.; Lin, F.; Su, F.Y.; Wang, C.H. Rationale and design of the cardiorespiratory fitness and hospitalization events in armed forces study in Eastern Taiwan. World J. Cardiol., 2016, 8(8), 464-471.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v8.i8.464] [PMID: 27621774]
[15]
Lin, Y.K.; Lin, Y.P.; Lee, J.T.; Lin, C.S.; Wu, T.J.; Tsai, K.Z.; Su, F.Y.; Kwon, Y.; Hoshide, S.; Lin, G.M. Sex-specific association of hyperuricemia with cardiometabolic abnormalities in a military cohort: The CHIEF study. Medicine (Baltimore), 2020, 99(12), e19535.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000019535] [PMID: 32195957]
[16]
Tsai, K.Z.; Lin, J.W.; Lin, F.; Su, F.Y.; Li, Y.H.; Lin, Y.P.; Lin, Y.K.; Han, C.L.; Hsieh, C.B.; Lin, G.M. Association of betel nut chewing with exercise performance in a military male cohort: the CHIEF study. J. R. Army Med. Corps, 2018, 164(6), 399-404.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2017-000899] [PMID: 30012664]
[17]
Chao, W.H.; Su, F.Y.; Lin, F.; Yu, Y.S.; Lin, G.M. Association of electrocardiographic left and right ventricular hypertrophy with physical fitness of military males: The CHIEF study. Eur. J. Sport Sci., 2019, 19(9), 1214-1220.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2019.1595741] [PMID: 30955480]
[18]
Liu, P.Y.; Tsai, K.Z.; Lima, J.A.C.; Lavie, C.J.; Lin, G.M. Athlete’s Heart in asian military Males: The chief heart study. Front. Cardiovasc. Med., 2021, 8, 725852.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.725852] [PMID: 34660727]
[19]
Chen, K.W.; Meng, F.C.; Shih, Y.L.; Su, F.Y.; Lin, Y.P.; Lin, F.; Lin, J.W.; Chang, W.K.; Lee, C.J.; Li, Y.H.; Hsieh, C.B.; Lin, G.M. Sex-specific association between metabolic abnormalities and elevated alanine aminotransferase levels in a military cohort: The Chief study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2018, 15(3), 545.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030545]
[20]
Chung, P.S.; Tsai, K.Z.; Lin, Y.P.; Lin, Y.K.; Lin, G.M. Association between leukocyte counts and physical fitness in male military members: The CHIEF Study. Sci. Rep., 2020, 10(1), 6082.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-63147-9] [PMID: 32269281]
[21]
Su, F.Y.; Wang, S.H.; Lu, H.H.; Lin, G.M. Association of tobacco smoking with physical fitness of military males in taiwan: The CHIEF study. Can. Respir. J., 2020, 2020, 5968189.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5968189] [PMID: 31998426]
[22]
Franklin, S.S. Arterial stiffness and diastolic blood pressure: what is the connection? Artery Res., 2006, 1(1), S1-S6.
[23]
Lowe, G.D.; Lee, A.J.; Rumley, A.; Price, J.F.; Fowkes, F.G. Blood viscosity and risk of cardiovascular events: the Edinburgh Artery Study. Br. J. Haematol., 1997, 96(1), 168-173.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2141.1997.8532481.x] [PMID: 9012704]
[24]
Devereux, R.B.; Case, D.B.; Alderman, M.H.; Pickering, T.G.; Chien, S.; Laragh, J.H. Possible role of increased blood viscosity in the hemodynamics of systemic hypertension. Am. J. Cardiol., 2000, 85(10), 1265-1268.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9149(00)00744-X] [PMID: 10802017]
[25]
Palazzuoli, A.; Quatrini, I.; Calabrò, A.; Antonelli, G.; Caputo, M.; Campagna, M.S.; Franci, B.; Nuti, R. Anemia correction by erythropoietin reduces BNP levels, hospitalization rate, and NYHA class in patients with cardio-renal anemia syndrome. Clin. Exp. Med., 2011, 11(1), 43-48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10238-010-0100-y] [PMID: 20512394]
[26]
Takeda, T.; Kohno, M. Brain natriuretic peptide in hypertension. Hypertens. Res., 1995, 18(4), 259-266.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1291/hypres.18.259] [PMID: 8747303]
[27]
Avolio, A.P.; Xu, K.; Butlin, M. Effect of large arteries on blood pressure variability. Conf. Proc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc., 2013, 2013, 4078-4081.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2013.6610441] [PMID: 24110628]
[28]
Berman, B.W.; Ritchey, A.K.; Jekel, J.F.; Schwartz, A.D.; Guiliotis, D.K.; Pearson, H.A. Hematology of beta-thalassemia trait-age-related developmental aspects and intrafamilial correlations. J. Pediatr., 1980, 97(6), 901-905.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(80)80417-3] [PMID: 7441418]
[29]
Egi, A.; Kawamoto, M.; Kurita, S.; Yuge, O. Systolic arterial pressure variability reflects circulating blood volume alterations in hemorrhagic shock in rabbits. Shock, 2007, 28(6), 733-740.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/shk.0b013e318054dfe3] [PMID: 17621261]
[30]
Fowler, N.O.; Franch, R.H.; Bloom, W.L. Hemodynamic effects of anemia with and without plasma volume expansion. Circ. Res., 1956, 4(3), 319-324.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.4.3.319] [PMID: 13317026]
[31]
Lin, G.M.; Tsai, K.Z.; Lin, C.S.; Han, C.L. Physical Fitness and Long-term Blood Pressure Variability in Young Male Military Personnel. Curr. Hypertens. Rev., 2020, 16(2), 156-160.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573402115666191023111351] [PMID: 31702494]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
30
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy