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Current Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 0929-8673
ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

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Review Article

Peptidoglycan Deacetylases in Bacterial Cell Wall Remodeling and Pathogenesis

Author(s): Antoni Planas*

Volume 29, Issue 7, 2022

Published on: 10 January, 2022

Page: [1293 - 1312] Pages: 20

DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210915113723

Price: $65

Abstract

The bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan (PG) is a dynamic structure that is constantly synthesized, re-modeled and degraded during bacterial division and growth. Postsynthetic modifications modulate the action of endogenous autolysis during PG lysis and remodeling for growth and sporulation, but also they are a mechanism used by pathogenic bacteria to evade the host innate immune system. Modifications of the glycan backbone are limited to the C-2 amine and C-6 hydroxyl moieties of either GlcNAc or MurNAc residues. This paper reviews the functional roles and properties of peptidoglycan de-Nacetylases (distinct PG GlcNAc and MurNAc deacetylases) and recent progress through genetic studies and biochemical characterization to elucidate their mechanism of action, 3D structures, substrate specificities and biological functions. Since they are virulence factors in pathogenic bacteria, peptidoglycan deacetylases are potential targets for the design of novel antimicrobial agents.

Keywords: Peptidoglycan deacetylases, cell wall, pathogenesis, N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylmuramic, specificity, x-ray structures, antimicrobial targets.

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