Abstract
Background: Water contamination by noxious heavy metals due to urbanization is a global environmental problem. Heavy metal ions pollution makes the water unsuitable for drinking and is also highly toxic to human beings and eco-system. The remediation of heavy metals is therefore very crucial.
Methods: Adsorbents based on biopolymer and eco-friendly polymer composites have been developed and fabricated to remediate and remove heavy metals from the ecosystem.
Results: In recent years, biocomposites have been successful as cost-effective adsorbents for the remediation of various contaminants with their eco-friendly nature and sustainability.
Conclusion: This review article gives an overview on the remediation of heavy metals using green biocomposites.
Keywords: Biodegradable, biopolymers, eco-friendly, environmental engineering, heavy metal ion remediation, waterpollution.
Graphical Abstract
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.01.017]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.12.002]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12221-019-8462-6]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.044]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102177-4.00004-5]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.21224]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(02)00267-1]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102426-3.00001-1]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie303627x]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.197]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C8PY00484F]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.047]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9090764]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42114-018-0073-y]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7EN01029J]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.9b01263]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.47251]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2018.12.009]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020122]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203508206]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.070]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2018-0078]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/120/1/012016]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351073509]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-018-0786-8]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-018-0785-9]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2018.06.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.347]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.323]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-018-00843-z]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102491-1.00014-9]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809270-5.00027-3]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411013666171009164355]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94358-9_6]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04741-2_2]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2019.03.050]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814064-2.00008-1]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.03.060]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2014.03.031]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp103464p]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am4055657]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b07723]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11051-011-0521-x]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp107492g]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie070735d]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am300335e]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.08.070]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp962591e]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.04.074]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b806094k]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.05.126]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6700(02)00019-9]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.06.085]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568554053148735]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0143-7208(03)00140-2]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.11.001]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-019-00901-0]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2019.1614025]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie4036059]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2015.12.013]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/IJCEA.2013.V4.323]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.07.116]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/JSC180606085T]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.030]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2011.05.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.02.059]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.07.065]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2012.06.050]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.078]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie0402620]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/SS-200055940]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.05.031]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2010.03.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.38697]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.26006]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2013.848415]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2005.11.017]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2011.05.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2009.11.008]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.08.014]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496390801940762]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es021013a]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2007.12.006]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.08.010]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.05.041]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.108]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2004.03.001]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.12.048]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2010.03.029]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.05.013]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm200260d]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mabi.200700007]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200460587]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00839]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92162-4_4]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.09.002]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.008]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.039]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.103]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.036]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjche.2017.10.016]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.045]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.02.027]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0240-4]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.34220]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.38878]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2013.872658]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.05.031]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am500820n]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.08.055]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10601325.2019.1640063]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(12)60145-4]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.3916]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie402855t]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.05.045]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2018.07.022]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.02.009]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.05.072]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6378-2]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.06.001]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.05.089]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la401940z]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2010.10.015]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.10.105]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.04.084]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.01.026]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsu.201700114]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2018.1424203]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00410-4]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2006.05.028]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie201349h]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.02.061]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-017-1563-8]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.02.096]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.03.062]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7TA10428F]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.013]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.04.078]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.01.015]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2013.10.002]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.10.059]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.10.020]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.01.006]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b02745]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.057]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.072]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la802754t]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.10.003]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.4331]