Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Diabetes Reviews

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Characteristics and Outcomes of Children with Type-I Diabetes Mellitus Hospitalized for Ketoacidosis

Author(s): Roza Zinab Ababulgu and Behailu Terefe Tesfaye*

Volume 16, Issue 7, 2020

Page: [779 - 786] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1573399815666190906152125

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a common autoimmune disorder that often presents in children. In these patients, diabetic ketoacidosis is one of the most common and serious acute complications associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, limited studies are conducted in Ethiopia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess patient-related characteristics and outcomes of diabetic ketoacidosis, and their relative difference among children with newly diagnosed and previously known type-I diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of 63 type-1 diabetes patients admitted for ketoacidosis at Jimma university medical center, a tertiary hospital. Data was collected using a checklist, and entered into Epidata 4.2.0.0 and analyzed using STATA 13.0. Descriptive statistics was performed; Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test statistics were employed for comparison.

Result: Of the total, 39 were newly diagnosed type-I diabetes patients. Polydipsia and Polyuria (each in 74.6%) were the predominant symptoms at presentation. ketoacidosis precipitants were undocumented in the majority of the patients (53.97%). Mean (±SD) Random blood sugar was 434.05 (±117.62)mg/dl. Ketoacidosis was mild in severity in 63.49%. Family history of diabetes, unknown precipitants and the first episode of ketoacidosis were significantly different among the new and known type-I diabetes patients. No mortality was documented.

Conclusion: The observed patient characteristics are typical of those reported in many studies and standard resources. Despite no mortality was documented, the need for early diagnosis and management should not be overlooked. Further study, with large sample size, is recommended to point-out the real characteristics difference among new and known type-I diabetes mellitus patients admitted for ketoacidosis.

Keywords: Characteristics, outcomes, diabetic ketoacidosis, children, diabetes mellitus, type-I, Jimma university.

[1]
Foster JR, Morrison G, Fraser DD. Diabetic ketoacidosis-associated stroke in children and youth. SAGE-Hindawi Access to Res 2011; 2011
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/219706]
[2]
Barski L, Harman-Boehm I, Nevzorov R, et al. Gender-related differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. Gend Med 2011; 8(6): 372-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genm.2011.09.032] [PMID: 22055610]
[3]
Cooke DW, Plotnick L. Management of diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents. Pediatr Rev 2008; 29(12): 431-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.29-12-431] [PMID: 19047433]
[4]
RagaaAbd EL Salam Mohammed NEM, Mahran FM. Clinical and Biochemical Profile of Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis Patients in Al-zahraa Hospital Pediatric ICU. Egypt J Hosp Med 2018; 73(9): 7507-11.
[5]
Rosenbloom AL. The management of diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Diabetes Ther 2010; 1(2): 103-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-010-0008-2] [PMID: 22127748]
[6]
Shaltout AA, Channanath AM, Thanaraj TA, Alabdulrazzaq D, Mello L, Mandani F, et al. Ketoacidosis at first presentation of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children : a study from KuwaitInternet. Nature Publishing Group. Nature Publishing Group 2016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep27519]
[7]
Lone SW, Siddiqui EU, Muhammed F, Atta I, Ibrahim MN, Raza J. Frequency, clinical characteristics and outcome of diabetic ketoacidosis in children with type-1 diabetes at a tertiary care hospital. J Pak Med Assoc 60(9): 725-9.
[8]
Ganesh R, Arvindkumar R, Vasanthi T. Clinical profile and outcome of diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Natl Med J India 2009; 22(1): 18-9.
[PMID: 19761153]
[9]
Islam R, Akhter S, Shelim R, Mohsin F, Begum TAG. Precipitating factors, clinical features and outcome of diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents admitted in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka. Bangladesh. J Med Sci 2007; 13(01): 53-7.
[10]
Syed M, Saleem T. Clinical profile and outcomes of pediatric patients with diabetic ketoacidosis at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc 2011; 61(November)
[11]
Smith CP, Firth D, Bennett S, Howard C, Chisholm P. Ketoacidosis occurring in newly diagnosed and established diabetic children. Acta Paediatr 1998; 87(5): 537-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1998.tb01499.x] [PMID: 9641735]
[12]
Bereket Fantahun, MD. EGM. Prevalence of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus Pediatric Patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Ethiop J Pediatr Child Heal 2008; 31(1)
[13]
Murunga AN, Owira PMO. Diabetic ketoacidosis: an overlooked child killer in sub-Saharan Africa? Trop Med Int Health 2013; 18(11): 1357-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12195] [PMID: 24112393]
[14]
Atkilt HS, Turago MG, Tegegne BS. Clinical Characteristics of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children with Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2017; 12(1) e0169666
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169666] [PMID: 28135278]
[15]
Hadgu FB, Sibhat GG, Gebretsadik LG. Diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in Tigray, Ethiopia: retrospective observational study. Pediatric Health Med Ther 2019; 10: 49-55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S207165] [PMID: 31191086]
[16]
Jimma university HMIS Hospital Profile.. 2017.
[17]
Bhardwaj P, Yadav V, Sharma M. Clinical profile and outcome of the children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in hilly Himalayan state of north India. Int J Res Med Sci 2017; 5(12): 5402-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20175463]
[18]
Madhava Vijaya Kumar KM. Precipitating Factors, Clinical Profile and Metabolic Abnormalities of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Role In Predicting the Outcome. J Evid Based Med Heal 2017; 4(8): 393-400.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2017/76]
[19]
Zubair M, Mohamed NG, Al Amri M. Clinical, demographic, and biochemical profile of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis patients in King Khalid Civilian Hospital, Tabuk. Med Sci 2017; 2018(22): 70-7.
[20]
Bui TP, Werther GA, Cameron FJ. Trends in diabetic ketoacidosis in childhood and adolescence: a 15-yr experience. Pediatr Diabetes 2002; 3(2): 82-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-5448.2002.30204.x] [PMID: 15016161]
[21]
Casqueiro J, Casqueiro J, Alves C. Infections in patients with diabetes mellitus: A review of pathogenesis. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2012; 16(Suppl. 1): S27-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.94253] [PMID: 22701840]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
16
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy