Abstract
This review focuses on the principles and practices of long-term mechanical ventilation in infants and children. The number of pediatric patients receiving chronic ventilation has been growing exponentially over the past decade. Chronic respiratory failure in children is highly variable and the ideal ventilation modality must be tailored to the needs of the individual patient and family. Despite the medical complexity involved in the care of these children, many are optimally managed in the home environment. Successful transition to home with a favorable outlook is aided by frequent follow up, a family centered approach and anticipatory guidance, all delivered by an experienced multidisciplinary team.
Keywords: compliance, diaphragmatic pacing, non-invasive ventilation, pediatric, positive pressure ventilation, tracheostomy, home ventilation
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