Abstract
Nicotinic acid is the oldest hypolipidemic agent in use, since 1955. It possesses broad-spectrum lipidmodifying properties including reduction of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides. In addition, nicotinic acid is the most potent available hypolipidemic agent for increasing plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and decreasing lipoprotein (a) levels. Clinical trials have demonstrated that nicotinic acid can decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, nicotinic acid is underused in the clinical setting due to its high rate of side effects, including flushing, gastrointestinal disorders, rash, hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia. The nicotinic acid-associated side effects and their management are the focus of this review.
Keywords: Adverse events, niacin, nicotinic acid, side effects, toxicity, laropiprant, high density lipoprotein, gastrointestinal disorders, flushing, rash
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: What Restricts the Clinical Use of Nicotinic Acid?
Volume: 9 Issue: 4
Author(s): Anastazia Kei, Evangelos N. Liberopoulos and Moses S. Elisaf
Affiliation:
Keywords: Adverse events, niacin, nicotinic acid, side effects, toxicity, laropiprant, high density lipoprotein, gastrointestinal disorders, flushing, rash
Abstract: Nicotinic acid is the oldest hypolipidemic agent in use, since 1955. It possesses broad-spectrum lipidmodifying properties including reduction of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides. In addition, nicotinic acid is the most potent available hypolipidemic agent for increasing plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and decreasing lipoprotein (a) levels. Clinical trials have demonstrated that nicotinic acid can decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, nicotinic acid is underused in the clinical setting due to its high rate of side effects, including flushing, gastrointestinal disorders, rash, hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia. The nicotinic acid-associated side effects and their management are the focus of this review.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kei Anastazia, N. Liberopoulos Evangelos and S. Elisaf Moses, What Restricts the Clinical Use of Nicotinic Acid?, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2011; 9 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016111796197215
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016111796197215 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Endothelial Dysfunction in Dyslipidaemia: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Effects Elicited In Vitro by Red Wine on Human Healthy Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Potential Therapeutical Application of Polyphenols to Diet-Related Chronic Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Optimization and Assay of Antioxidant Potential of Two Penicillium spp. by Different Procedures
Current Biotechnology Targeting MCP-1 to Reduce Vascular Complications of Obesity
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Transforming Mutations of Jak3 (A573V and M511I) Show Differential Sensitivity to Selective Jak3 Inhibitors
Clinical Cancer Drugs Inflammation, Sleep, Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease.
Current Vascular Pharmacology Interaction of the Heart and Lungs During Exercise: Physiology and Pathophysiology in Children with Congenital Heart Disease
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Gastrophysics of the Oral Cavity
Current Pharmaceutical Design Biomarkers in Aortic Valve Stenosis and their Clinical Significance in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Current Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis, Characterizations and Microbial Studies of Novel Mannich Products Using Multicomponent Reactions
Current Bioactive Compounds Global Account of Barriers and Facilitators of Physical Activity Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review of the Literature
Current Diabetes Reviews The Complement Cascade: New Avenues in Stroke Therapy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Bariatric Surgery and it Effects on the Respiratory System
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews The Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EndMT) and Tissue Regeneration
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Mood Stabilizers, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Defense in Euthymia of Bipolar Disorder
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets The Effect of Borage (Echium amoenum) on the Mouse Heart and Hematology Parameters
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Hemicellulose from Plant Biomass in Medical and Pharmaceutical Application: A Critical Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Factor VIII Levels are Associated with Ischemic Stroke, Stroke Subtypes and Neurological Worsening
Current Neurovascular Research Recent Developments in the Synthesis of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Inhibition of Interleukin-1 in the Treatment of Selected Cardiovascular Complications
Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology