Abstract
17β-Estradiol (E2) controls many aspects of human physiology, including development, reproduction and homeostasis, through regulation of the transcriptional activity of its cognate receptors (ERs). E2 induces profound, rapid effects on the conformation of ERs allowing them to dimerize and to translocate into the nucleus where specific hormone response elements present in DNA are recognized. ER-E2 complex can also function as a cytoplasmic signaling molecule eliciting other changes in cells. Such extra-nuclear or non-genomic signaling pathways are rapid and supposedly independent of transcription. The recent finding that ER also resides at plasma membrane have opened a new spectrum on E2 rapid signaling and raised several new concerns in the field of E2 biology. ERs are now considered as very mobile proteins continuously shuttling between protein targets located within various cellular compartments (e.g., membrane, nucleus). This allows E2 to generate different and synergic signal transduction pathways, which provide plasticity for cell response to E2. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which ERs transduce E2 signals in target cells will allow to design new pharmacologic therapies aimed at the treatment of a variety of human diseases affecting the cardiovascular, reproductive, skeletal, and the nervous systems as well as the mammary gland.
Keywords: Estrogen receptor α, Estrogen receptor β, Estrogen receptor palmitoylation, Membrane association of estrogen receptors, 17β-Estradiol, Rapid signals
Current Signal Transduction Therapy
Title: Estrogen Receptor Signaling: Impact on Cell Functions
Volume: 4 Issue: 2
Author(s): Maria Marino and Filippo Acconcia
Affiliation:
Keywords: Estrogen receptor α, Estrogen receptor β, Estrogen receptor palmitoylation, Membrane association of estrogen receptors, 17β-Estradiol, Rapid signals
Abstract: 17β-Estradiol (E2) controls many aspects of human physiology, including development, reproduction and homeostasis, through regulation of the transcriptional activity of its cognate receptors (ERs). E2 induces profound, rapid effects on the conformation of ERs allowing them to dimerize and to translocate into the nucleus where specific hormone response elements present in DNA are recognized. ER-E2 complex can also function as a cytoplasmic signaling molecule eliciting other changes in cells. Such extra-nuclear or non-genomic signaling pathways are rapid and supposedly independent of transcription. The recent finding that ER also resides at plasma membrane have opened a new spectrum on E2 rapid signaling and raised several new concerns in the field of E2 biology. ERs are now considered as very mobile proteins continuously shuttling between protein targets located within various cellular compartments (e.g., membrane, nucleus). This allows E2 to generate different and synergic signal transduction pathways, which provide plasticity for cell response to E2. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which ERs transduce E2 signals in target cells will allow to design new pharmacologic therapies aimed at the treatment of a variety of human diseases affecting the cardiovascular, reproductive, skeletal, and the nervous systems as well as the mammary gland.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Marino Maria and Acconcia Filippo, Estrogen Receptor Signaling: Impact on Cell Functions, Current Signal Transduction Therapy 2009; 4 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157436209788167493
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157436209788167493 |
Print ISSN 1574-3624 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-389X |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Cross-Talk Between Nitric Oxide and Transforming Growth Factor- β1 in Malaria
Current Molecular Medicine Role of Nitric Oxide in Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Prasugrel: A Novel Antiplatelet Therapy for Acute Coronary Syndromes
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Platelet and Soluble Glycoprotein VI - Novel Applications in Diagnosis and Therapy
Current Drug Targets Wound Healing Activity of Hydro-alcoholic Extract of Cinnamomum nitidum Blume (Lauraceae) in Wistar Albino Rats
Current Traditional Medicine Indian Spices for Healthy Heart - An Overview
Current Cardiology Reviews Necroptosis Signaling Pathways in Stroke: From Mechanisms to Therapies
Current Neuropharmacology Non-Traditional Systemic Treatments for Diabetic Retinopathy: An Evidence-Based Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and its Derivatives: Potential Pharmaceutical Application for Ischemic Brain Injury
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Remediation of Cellular Hypoxic Damage by Pharmacological Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Design Expressions of eNOS3 and Ve-Cadherin in Microvascular Endothelium at 7-Day of Reperfused Acute Myocardial Infarction
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Chemical Constituents of Plants from the Genus Forsythia
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry Low Level Laser Therapy [LLLT] in Inflammatory and Rheumatic Diseases:A Review of Therapeutic Mechanisms
Current Rheumatology Reviews Gene Silencing using siRNA for Preventing Liver Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury
Current Pharmaceutical Design Bergenin - A Biologically Active Scaffold: Nanotechnological Perspectives
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Calcium Related Genes in Dogs as Potential Cardiac Biomarkers for the Detection of Chronic Mitral Valve Disease
Recent Patents on Biomarkers Raxofelast, (±)5-(Acetyloxy)-2,3-dihydro-4,6,7-trimethyl-2-benzofuranacetic Acid: A New Antioxidant to Modulate the Inflammatory Response During Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Impaired Wound Healing
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Interactions of VDAC with Proteins Involved in Neurodegenerative Aggregation: An Opportunity for Advancement on Therapeutic Molecules
Current Medicinal Chemistry Serpinins: Role in Granule Biogenesis, Inhibition of Cell Death and Cardiac Function
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Thrombomodulin in Atherosclerosis: From Bench to Bedside
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry