Abstract
The genetic material in humans contains approximately 6 billion base pairs in the nuclear genome and 16,569 base pairs in the mitochondrial genome [1-3]. In some cases the difference between a healthy and a sick individual consists in only one nucleotide. Thus, it is evident that the pristine replication of the genome is a key event in the avoidance of mutations and therefore diseases. Although it is generally believed that DNA is an inert molecule, it contains reactive groups that are exposed to a multitude of chemical agents like Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS), xenobiotic compounds, and UV light which can react with DNA to form adducts that compromise its coding potential. For instance, it is estimated that a mammalian genome suffers close to 100,000 abasic sites per day [4, 5]. In general, replicative DNA polymerases are responsible for maintaining the integrity of the genome during it replication, family X polymerases are important in DNA repair mechanisms, and Translesion Synthesis DNA polymerases ensure the faithful replication across from DNA lesions. This revision attempts to briefly summarize the role of human template dependent DNA polymerases involved in replication, DNA repair, and lesion bypass.
Keywords: DNA polymerases, structure-function
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Template Dependent Human DNA Polymerases
Volume: 8 Issue: 15
Author(s): Luis G. Brieba
Affiliation:
Keywords: DNA polymerases, structure-function
Abstract: The genetic material in humans contains approximately 6 billion base pairs in the nuclear genome and 16,569 base pairs in the mitochondrial genome [1-3]. In some cases the difference between a healthy and a sick individual consists in only one nucleotide. Thus, it is evident that the pristine replication of the genome is a key event in the avoidance of mutations and therefore diseases. Although it is generally believed that DNA is an inert molecule, it contains reactive groups that are exposed to a multitude of chemical agents like Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS), xenobiotic compounds, and UV light which can react with DNA to form adducts that compromise its coding potential. For instance, it is estimated that a mammalian genome suffers close to 100,000 abasic sites per day [4, 5]. In general, replicative DNA polymerases are responsible for maintaining the integrity of the genome during it replication, family X polymerases are important in DNA repair mechanisms, and Translesion Synthesis DNA polymerases ensure the faithful replication across from DNA lesions. This revision attempts to briefly summarize the role of human template dependent DNA polymerases involved in replication, DNA repair, and lesion bypass.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Brieba G. Luis, Template Dependent Human DNA Polymerases, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2008; 8 (15) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802608786141098
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802608786141098 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Medicinal Chemistry Advancement in Life-Threatening Diseases
The current issue will highlight concise reports that specify ground-breaking insights, including the novel discovery of drug targets and their action mechanism or drugs of novel classes. These are projected to encourage medicinal chemistry future efforts to address the most challenging medical needs. The current issue highlights further efforts to ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of New Antimycobacterial Agents Based on the 1H-1,2,3-Triazoles
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Editorial:Cannabis: Neurological Correlates in Abuse and Medical Use
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets High Throughput Screening Methodologies Classified for Major Drug Target Classes According to Target Signaling Pathways
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Development and Optimization of Controlled Porosity Osmotic Tablets of Lamotrigine Solid Dispersion
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Transient Receptor Potential Channels - Emerging Novel Drug Targets for the Treatment of Pain
Current Medicinal Chemistry Inherited Copper Transport Disorders: Biochemical Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Current Drug Metabolism Reacting to Stress: Radical Cellular Pathways for Novel Drug Development
Current Neurovascular Research Lower Frequency of co-Morbid Medical Disorders Related to Poor Impulse Control in Parkinson’s than Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Aging Science A Review on Possible Therapeutic Effect of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone in Neurodegenerative Diseases
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Molecular Biology of Nucleoside Transporters and their Distributions and Functions in the Brain
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Glutamatergic Signaling for the Development of Novel Therapeutics for Mood Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Herbal and Holistic Solutions for Neurodegenerative and Depressive Disorders: Leads from Ayurveda
Current Pharmaceutical Design Design, Characterization and Evaluation of Anti-epileptic Activity of Nanoprecipitating Preconcentrate of Carbamazepine
Drug Delivery Letters Mitochondrial Complex I Deficiency in Humans
Current Genomics Advanced Intraoperative MR Imaging
Current Medical Imaging Omega-3 Fatty Acids and their Role in Central Nervous System - A Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Sweet and Sour - Oxidative and Carbonyl Stress in Neurological Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Mechanisms and Treatment of Neuropathic Pain
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Therapeutic Drugs that Slow the Heart Rate of Early Rat Embryos. Is there a Risk for the Human?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Meet the Editorial Board Member
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets