Abstract
Both type I and type II diabetes are common diseases with no cure. Both are characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia and can be managed, at least to some extent, by daily proteins treatments. However, in both cases, administration of the protein does not always control glucose levels in a physiologically normal time frame. A variety of different approaches to restore lost insulin in type 1 diabetes by gene therapy have recently been described. Strategies to induce production of new β cells, ameliorate or evade the auto-immune response that leads to β cell destruction, or simply delivering a modified insulin cDNA under the control of glucose-responsive promoters have all resulted in restoration of euglycaemia in a physiologically normal time frame in rodent models of diabetes. In terms of application of gene therapy to type 2 diabetes, delivery of a single protein using a virus vector can also restore euglycaemia in vivo. In addition to these advances, new technologies to permanently modify the genome which could be adapted for the long-term treatment of diabetes are described.
Keywords: gene therapy, euglycaemia restoration, gene delivery, gene replacement therapy, virus vectors, glucose-responsive promoters
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: Application of Gene Therapy in Diabetes Care
Volume: 8 Issue: 2
Author(s): Patrick T. Harrison
Affiliation:
Keywords: gene therapy, euglycaemia restoration, gene delivery, gene replacement therapy, virus vectors, glucose-responsive promoters
Abstract: Both type I and type II diabetes are common diseases with no cure. Both are characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia and can be managed, at least to some extent, by daily proteins treatments. However, in both cases, administration of the protein does not always control glucose levels in a physiologically normal time frame. A variety of different approaches to restore lost insulin in type 1 diabetes by gene therapy have recently been described. Strategies to induce production of new β cells, ameliorate or evade the auto-immune response that leads to β cell destruction, or simply delivering a modified insulin cDNA under the control of glucose-responsive promoters have all resulted in restoration of euglycaemia in a physiologically normal time frame in rodent models of diabetes. In terms of application of gene therapy to type 2 diabetes, delivery of a single protein using a virus vector can also restore euglycaemia in vivo. In addition to these advances, new technologies to permanently modify the genome which could be adapted for the long-term treatment of diabetes are described.
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Cite this article as:
Harrison T. Patrick, Application of Gene Therapy in Diabetes Care, Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets 2008; 8 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152608784746493
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152608784746493 |
Print ISSN 1871-5265 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3989 |
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