BMP-9 Induced Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Potential

Title: BMP-9 Induced Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Potential

Volume: 11 Issue: 3

Author(s): Ke Yang, Tong-Chuan He, Rex C. Haydon, Hue H. Luu, Russell R. Reid, Zhong-Liang Deng, Guo-Wei Zuo, Bai-Cheng He, Liang Chen, Yuxi Su, Hong Liu, Ning Hu, Mi Li, Xing Liu, Richard Rames, Gaurav Luther, Enyi Huang, Jian-Li Gao, Stephanie H. Kim, Qiong Shi, Chad Teven, Jinyong Luo, Xiaoji Luo, Yang Bi, Joseph Lamplot, Qing Luo, Quan Kang, Gaohui Zhu and Eric R. Wagner

Affiliation:

Keywords: BMP-9, GDF-2, bone formation, mesenchymal stem cells, fracture healing, bone regeneration, cell-based gene therapy, -catenin, osteogenic, spinal fusions, trabecular bone

Abstract: Promoting osteogenic differentiation and efficacious bone regeneration have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of orthopaedic and musculoskeletal disorders. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are bone marrow progenitor cells that have the capacity to differentiate along osteogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, and adipogenic lineages. Differentiation along these lineages is a tightly controlled process that is in part regulated by the Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs). BMPs 2 and 7 have been approved for clinical use because their osteoinductive properties act as an adjunctive treatment to surgeries where bone healing is compromised. BMP-9 is one of the least studied BMPs, and recent in vitro and in vivo studies have identified BMP-9 as a potent inducer of osteogenic differentiation in MSCs. BMP-9 exhibits significant molecular cross-talk with the Wnt/ β-catenin and other signaling pathways, and adenoviral expression of BMP-9 in MSCs increases the expression of osteogenic markers and induces trabecular bone and osteiod matrix formation. Furthermore, BMP-9 has been shown to act synergistically in bone formation with other signaling pathways, including Wnt/ β-catenin, IGF, and retinoid signaling pathways. These results suggest that BMP-9 should be explored as an effective bone regeneration agent, especially in combination with adjuvant therapies, for clinical applications such as large segmental bony defects, non-union fractures, and/or spinal fusions.

Cite this article as:

Yang Ke, He Tong-Chuan, C. Haydon Rex, H. Luu Hue, R. Reid Russell, Deng Zhong-Liang, Zuo Guo-Wei, He Bai-Cheng, Chen Liang, Su Yuxi, Liu Hong, Hu Ning, Li Mi, Liu Xing, Rames Richard, Luther Gaurav, Huang Enyi, Gao Jian-Li, H. Kim Stephanie, Shi Qiong, Teven Chad, Luo Jinyong, Luo Xiaoji, Bi Yang, Lamplot Joseph, Luo Qing, Kang Quan, Zhu Gaohui and R. Wagner Eric, BMP-9 Induced Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Potential, Current Gene Therapy 2011; 11 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652311795684777