Abstract
In a group of 14 healthy aged subjects, donkey and goat milk was administered respectively, for a period of one month. Cytokine profile [interleukin (IL)-12, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α] was assessed before and after milk intake by means of a cytometric bead array test. Data demonstrated that IL-12 was undetectable, while IL-10, IL-1β and TNF-β were released in very low amounts. Quite interestingly, IL-8 was increased by donkey milk administration, while same cytokine was dramatically decreased following goat milk intake. Same pattern of response was noted with IL-6 even if levels of these cytokine were lower than those detectable in the case of IL-8. Taken together, these findings indicate that administration of donkey milk in the aged host is able to upregulate the immune response, while goat milk seems to reduce the exaggerated acute phase response in elderly.
Keywords: Donkey milk, goat milk, cytokine, immunosenescence, elderly
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Donkey and Goat Milk Intake and Modulation of the Human Aged Immune Response
Volume: 16 Issue: 7
Author(s): L. Amati, G. Marzulli, M. Martulli, A. Tafaro, F. Jirillo, V. Pugliese, G. Martemucci, A. G. D'Alessandro and E. Jirillo
Affiliation:
Keywords: Donkey milk, goat milk, cytokine, immunosenescence, elderly
Abstract: In a group of 14 healthy aged subjects, donkey and goat milk was administered respectively, for a period of one month. Cytokine profile [interleukin (IL)-12, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α] was assessed before and after milk intake by means of a cytometric bead array test. Data demonstrated that IL-12 was undetectable, while IL-10, IL-1β and TNF-β were released in very low amounts. Quite interestingly, IL-8 was increased by donkey milk administration, while same cytokine was dramatically decreased following goat milk intake. Same pattern of response was noted with IL-6 even if levels of these cytokine were lower than those detectable in the case of IL-8. Taken together, these findings indicate that administration of donkey milk in the aged host is able to upregulate the immune response, while goat milk seems to reduce the exaggerated acute phase response in elderly.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Amati L., Marzulli G., Martulli M., Tafaro A., Jirillo F., Pugliese V., Martemucci G., D'Alessandro G. A. and Jirillo E., Donkey and Goat Milk Intake and Modulation of the Human Aged Immune Response, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2010; 16 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210790883651
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210790883651 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |

- Author Guidelines
- Bentham Author Support Services (BASS)
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Editorial: (Thematic Issue: Natural Botanical Products Able to Improve Immune System Function)
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) The Clinical Spectrum, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hashimotos Encephalopathy (Recurrent Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis)
Current Medicinal Chemistry Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Albinterferon Alfa-2b in Patients Treated for Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 2/3
Anti-Infective Agents Drugs for Targeted Therapies of Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry Different Inflammatory Biomarker Patterns in the Cerebro-Spinal Fluid Following Heart Surgery and Major Non-Cardiac Operations
Current Drug Metabolism Recent Applications of Chemiluminescence Assays in Clinical Immunology
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Critical Review on Current Concepts Applied to Reduce Gastrointestinal Toxicity
Current Medicinal Chemistry Editorial (Thematic Issue: Linkage of Neurodegenerative Disorders with Other Health Issues – Volume II)
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Irreversible Inhibitors: Chemical Exploration of the Cysteine-Trap Portion
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Cdc42 Signaling Pathway Inhibition as a Therapeutic Target in Ras- Related Cancers
Current Medicinal Chemistry Insulin Secretagogues, Sulfonylurea Receptors and KATP Channels
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Neurovascular Unit: Focus on the Regulation of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells
Current Neurovascular Research Patent Selections:
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Neuroprotective Effects of Exercise Treatments After Injury: The Dual Role of Neurotrophic Factors
Current Neuropharmacology Periarticular Corticosteroid Treatment of the Sacroiliac Joint
Current Rheumatology Reviews Intra-arterial Instillation of a Nociceptive Agent Modulates Cardiorespiratory Parameters Involving 5-HT3 and TRPV1 Receptors in Anesthetized Rats
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Discovery of Medically Significant Lantibiotics
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Chemistry and Biology of Anti-Inflammatory Marine Natural Products. Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors
Current Organic Chemistry New Insights into the Modulation of Immune Response by Fasciola hepatica Excretory-Secretory Products
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins at a Glance
Protein & Peptide Letters