Abstract
Imaging and laboratory biomarkers are an essential support to modern practice of medicine, allowing a better identification, severity titration, staging and follow-up of atherosclerosis and heart failure disease. This review provides an overview of imaging, biochemical and genetic biomarkers used in clinical practice and for research purposes in order to evaluate the 4 different aspect of patient vulnerability to cardiovascular disease: arterial; blood; myocardial; metabolic vulnerability. Yet, no single perfect biomarker exists and there is wide room for optimization and integration between clinical evaluation and biomarker evaluation. In general, a targeted approach tailored on the individual patient should be preferred to a carpet diagnostic bombing, which will lead to an exorbitant multiplier of costs, risks and inappropriate testing.
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, biomarkers, cost, risk
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Imaging and Laboratory Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease
Volume: 15 Issue: 10
Author(s): Maria Grazia Andreassi, Amalia Gastaldelli, Aldo Clerico, Piero A. Salvadori, Rosa Sicari and Eugenio Picano
Affiliation:
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, biomarkers, cost, risk
Abstract: Imaging and laboratory biomarkers are an essential support to modern practice of medicine, allowing a better identification, severity titration, staging and follow-up of atherosclerosis and heart failure disease. This review provides an overview of imaging, biochemical and genetic biomarkers used in clinical practice and for research purposes in order to evaluate the 4 different aspect of patient vulnerability to cardiovascular disease: arterial; blood; myocardial; metabolic vulnerability. Yet, no single perfect biomarker exists and there is wide room for optimization and integration between clinical evaluation and biomarker evaluation. In general, a targeted approach tailored on the individual patient should be preferred to a carpet diagnostic bombing, which will lead to an exorbitant multiplier of costs, risks and inappropriate testing.
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Cite this article as:
Andreassi Grazia Maria, Gastaldelli Amalia, Clerico Aldo, Salvadori A. Piero, Sicari Rosa and Picano Eugenio, Imaging and Laboratory Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2009; 15 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161209787846937
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161209787846937 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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