Abstract
At present, diabetic kidney disease affects about 15-25 % of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 30-40 % of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several decades of extensive research have elucidated various pathways to be implicated in the development of diabetic kidney disease. These include metabolic factors beyond blood glucose (e.g. advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)), haemodynamic factors (e.g. the renin angiotensin system (RAS)), intracellular signaling molecule proteins (e.g. protein kinase C (PKC)) and growth factors / cytokines (e.g. growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)). This review focusses on the role of three of these growth factors, i.e. GH, IGFs and VEGF. A brief discussion of each system is followed by description of its expression in the normal kidney. Then, for each system, in vitro, experimental and clinical evidence addressing the role of the system in diabetic kidney disease is presented. The interplay of each system to other potential pathways will also be adressed. Finally, well-known and potential therapeutic strategies targeting the GH / IGF and VEGF systems in a specific or indirect way will discussed.
Keywords: growth factor, cytokine, mouse, rat, diabetic nephropathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: The Involvement of Growth Hormone (GH), Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGFs) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Volume: 10 Issue: 27
Author(s): Allan Flyvbjerg, Dinah S. Khatir, Louise J.N. Jensen, Frederik Dagnæs-Hansen, Henning Gronbaek and Ruth Rasch
Affiliation:
Keywords: growth factor, cytokine, mouse, rat, diabetic nephropathy
Abstract: At present, diabetic kidney disease affects about 15-25 % of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 30-40 % of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several decades of extensive research have elucidated various pathways to be implicated in the development of diabetic kidney disease. These include metabolic factors beyond blood glucose (e.g. advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)), haemodynamic factors (e.g. the renin angiotensin system (RAS)), intracellular signaling molecule proteins (e.g. protein kinase C (PKC)) and growth factors / cytokines (e.g. growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)). This review focusses on the role of three of these growth factors, i.e. GH, IGFs and VEGF. A brief discussion of each system is followed by description of its expression in the normal kidney. Then, for each system, in vitro, experimental and clinical evidence addressing the role of the system in diabetic kidney disease is presented. The interplay of each system to other potential pathways will also be adressed. Finally, well-known and potential therapeutic strategies targeting the GH / IGF and VEGF systems in a specific or indirect way will discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Flyvbjerg Allan, Khatir S. Dinah, Jensen J.N. Louise, Dagnæs-Hansen Frederik, Gronbaek Henning and Rasch Ruth, The Involvement of Growth Hormone (GH), Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGFs) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Diabetic Kidney Disease, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2004; 10 (27) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043383106
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043383106 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Role of Polyphenol in Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Fibrosis,
and Apoptosis in Diabetic Nephropathy
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Development ofNovel Compounds to Treat Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases and Graft Versus Host Reactions
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Control of Arterial Hypertension: Epidemiological and Economic Challenge
Current Hypertension Reviews Diabetes-induced Epigenetic Signature in Vascular Cells
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Glucose Tolerance: Hypothesis Testing on Malaysian Diabetic Community
Current Diabetes Reviews Caring for HIV-Infected Patients in the ICU in The Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Era
Current HIV Research Editorial: [Hot Topic: Recent Developments in Biomarker Patenting for AKI]
Recent Patents on Biomarkers Lessons from Leptins Molecular Biology: Potential Therapeutic Actions of Recombinant Leptin and Leptin-Related Compounds
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Clinical Significance of Pleiotropic Effects of Statins: Lipid Reduction and Beyond
Current Medicinal Chemistry Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor Febuxostat as a Novel Agent Postulated to Act Against Vascular Inflammation
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry How to Keep Oxidative Stress Under Control?
Current Nutrition & Food Science Evaluation of Response Surface Methodology to Predict Optimum Growth Conditions for Lactobacillus plantarum A7 (KC 355240) in Probiotic Soy Milk Containing Essential Oil of Cuminum cyminum
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture Effect of Oral Alkali Supplementation on Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease
Current Hypertension Reviews Dissecting the Therapeutic Relevance of Gene Therapy in NeuroAIDS: An Evolving Epidemic
Current Gene Therapy Chitosan and Its Use in Design of Insulin Delivery System
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Abatacept and Glomerular Diseases: The Open Road for the Second Signal as a New Target is Settled Down
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Chronic Kidney Disease and the Search for New Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Kidney Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology DYRK1A Kinase Inhibitors with Emphasis on Cancer
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Biological Roles of Ursolic Acid in the Treatment of Human Diseases
Current Bioactive Compounds