Invasive and Pharmacological Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Scoping
Review

Marios      Sagris; Andreas      Tzoumas; Damianos   G.   Kokkinidis; Grigorios      Korosoglou; Michael      Lichtenberg; Georgios      Tzavellas
doi:10.2174/1381612828666220418084339
Abstract

The annual occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is 300,000-600,000 cases in the United States and 700,000 in Europe. VTE includes deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of upper or lower extremities, superior and inferior vena cava thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism (PE) as well. The primary treatment of DVT includes oral anticoagulation to prevent the progression of the thrombus and decrease the risk of pulmonary embolism. Depending on the symptoms, more invasive treatments can be applied to target the iliofemoral thrombus and its removal. However, less emphasis is given to acute symptomatology, early recovery of function, quality of life improvement, and the individualized likelihood of developing post-thrombotic syndrome. While invasive therapy has been used to enhance the acute management of iliofemoral DVT, our knowledge about the overall outcomes associated with the invasive treatment of VTE is still limited. In this review, we illustrate the available data on pharmacological and endovascular management of iliofemoral VTE, including therapies such as catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT), mechanical thrombectomy (PMT), and pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis (PCDT).
Keywords: Deep vein thrombosis, DVT, Venous thromboembolism, pharmacological treatment, thrombolysis, Invasive treatment, Endovascular treatment, catheter-directed thrombolysis.
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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612828666220418084339	Print ISSN 1381-6128
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1873-4286
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