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Current Pediatric Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-3963
ISSN (Online): 1875-6336

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Mini-Review Article

Genitourinary Tract Tumors in Children: An Update

Author(s): Andrés Augusto González-Arboleda, Nicolás Fernandez and Herney Andrés García-Perdomo*

Volume 18, Issue 3, 2022

Published on: 24 February, 2022

Page: [166 - 178] Pages: 13

DOI: 10.2174/1573396318666220111143902

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Genitourinary tract tumors in children are less common than in adults. Most of these tumors have different genetic backgrounds, clinical presentation, and oncologic behavior than their adult counterpart. As a result of low prevalence in children, some of the treatment approaches and recommendations are based on treatment experience in adult patients. However, thanks to scientific and technological development, survival rates have risen considerably.

Objective: This paper presents a review of the principal features of the tumors involving the genitourinary tract in children and an update in genetic background, diagnosis, and treatment.

Methods: A narrative review was performed on published literature about genitourinary tract tumors in pediatric patients. Papers presented in English and Spanish literature were reviewed. PubMed, Science Direct, and SciELO databases were used to collect information and present this article.

Results: Kidney tumors are the most common type of genitourinary tumors in children. Among those, Wilms tumor represents the majority of cases and shows the successful work of clinical trial groups studying this tumor type. Other tumors involving the genitourinary tract in children include Rhabdomyosarcoma, Transitional cell carcinoma, Testicular, and Adrenal tumors.

Conclusion: Genitourinary tract tumors in children represent significant morbidity and economic burden, so awareness in early diagnosis represents improvement in treatment, clinical, and oncological outcomes.

Keywords: Pediatric tumor, genitourinary tract, wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, testicular tumor, adrenal tumor.

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Graphical Abstract

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