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CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5273
ISSN (Online): 1996-3181

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Review Article

Exploring the Hypothesis of a Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Continuum: Biological, Genetic and Pharmacologic Data

Author(s): Teresa Reynolds de Sousa*, Correia DT and Filipa Novais

Volume 22, Issue 2, 2023

Published on: 02 September, 2021

Page: [161 - 171] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210902164235

open access plus

Abstract

Present time nosology has its roots in Kraepelin’s demarcation of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, accumulating evidence has shed light on several commonalities between the two disorders, and some authors have advocated for the consideration of a disease continuum. Here, we review previous genetic, biological and pharmacological findings that provide the basis for this conceptualization. There is a cross-disease heritability, and they share single-nucleotide polymorphisms in some common genes. EEG and imaging patterns have a number of similarities, namely reduced white matter integrity and abnormal connectivity. Dopamine, serotonin, GABA and glutamate systems have dysfunctional features, some of which are identical among the disorders. Finally, cellular calcium regulation and mitochondrial function are, also, impaired in the two.

Keywords: Bipolar, schizophrenia, continuum, genetics, neurobiology, pharmacology.

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