Abstract
Mechanism of cardiac injury in COVID-19 is a serious problem and plays critical role in mediating the severity of the disease. However, the mechanistic insights of the induction of the inflammatory signal leading to cardiac injury was poorly understood. However, few recent studies have indicated the involvement of Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) as the major ‘culprit’ behind eliciting the initial signal of ‘cytokine storm’. As a result, TLRs are now considered as the therapeutic targets to develop efficacious therapeutics. Herein, we present an overall summary on the mechanistic insight of cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients and the therapeutic promises of TLR-targeted therapies.
Keywords: COVID-19, TLR, cardiac injury, cytokine storm, therapeutic intervention, targeted therapy.
Graphical Abstract
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25987] [PMID: 32383269]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118482] [PMID: 32971105]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1286] [PMID: 32219363]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41569-020-0360-5] [PMID: 32139904]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017] [PMID: 31978945]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1010-7940(99)00200-6]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07853899708999358] [PMID: 9375993]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2005.071282] [PMID: 16775113]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.26776] [PMID: 33404091]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.26387] [PMID: 32749702]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00508] [PMID: 28769820]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2020-eurolupus.48]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40259-015-0123-8]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.10870] [PMID: 12687534]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25801] [PMID: 32253759]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218122] [PMID: 32620597]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30267-8] [PMID: 32559419]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.017] [PMID: 32333918]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.019] [PMID: 32470486]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI31860] [PMID: 17404615]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198070] [PMID: 32569708]