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Current Drug Metabolism

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ISSN (Print): 1389-2002
ISSN (Online): 1875-5453

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General Research Article

Curcumin Nanoemulsions Stabilized with Modified Phosphatidylcholine on Skin Carcinogenesis Protocol

Author(s): Beatriz Agame-Lagunes, Monserrat Alegria-Rivadeneyra, Rodolfo Quintana-Castro, Cristobal Torres-Palacios, Peter Grube-Pagola, Cynthia Cano-Sarmiento, Rebeca Garcia-Varela, Alfonso Alexander-Aguilera* and Hugo Sergio García*

Volume 21, Issue 3, 2020

Page: [226 - 234] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200429111928

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Cancer is one of the main causes of death by disease; several alternative treatments have been developed to counteract this condition. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties; however, it has low water solubility and poor intestinal absorption. Carrier systems, such as nanoemulsions, can increase the bioavailability of lipophilic bioactive compounds.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of curcumin nanoemulsions prepared with lecithin modified with medium-chain fatty acids as an emulsifier, on the expression of the Cdk4, Ccne2, Casp8 and Cldn4 genes involved in the carcinogenesis process in K14E6 transgenic mice.

Methods: The emulsifier was prepared by interesterification of medium-chain fatty acids, pure lecithin, and immobilized phospholipase-1 on Duolite A568. An Ultraturrax homogenizer and a Branson Ultrasonic processor were used for the preparation of nano-emulsions, and a Zetasizer evaluated the particle size. qRT-PCR analysis was performed to quantify the cancer-related genes expressed in the K14E6 mice. The development and evolution of skin carcinogenesis were assessed through histological analysis to compare cell morphology.

Results: Ca 59% of the MCFA were incorporated via esterification into the PC within 12 hours of the reaction. An emulsifier yield used to formulate the NE of 86% was achieved. Nanoemulsions with a particle size of 44 nm were obtained. The curcumin nano-emulsion group had a 91.81% decrease in the tumorigenesis index and a reduction in tumor area of 89.95% compared to the sick group. Histological analysis showed that the group administered with free curcumin developed a microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma, as opposed to the group with nanoemulsion which presented only a slight inflammation. In gene expression, only a significant difference in Cdk4 was observed in the nanoemulsion group.

Keywords: Curcumin, nano-emulsions, skin carcinogenesis, modified lecithin, medium-chain fatty acids, gene expression, histology.

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