Neurocognitive Correlates in Driving Under the Influence of Cannabis

Title:Neurocognitive Correlates in Driving Under the Influence of Cannabis

Volume: 16 Issue: 5

Author(s): Francesco P. Busardò, Manuela Pellegrini, Julia Klein*Natale M. di Luca

Affiliation:

• Drug Testing Consultants, 265 Russell Hill Road #801, Toronto, M4V2T3,Canada

Keywords: Acute effects, Cannabis, chronic effects, delta (9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, neurocognitive, psychoactive.

Abstract: Background & Objective: Delta (9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the main psychoactive compound in cannabis and is frequently identified in blood samples from apprehended drivers suspected for driving under the influence of drugs. Changing social norms towards cannabis and higher acceptability towards the drug emphasize the need for in-depth understanding of the acute neurocognitive and psychomotor effects caused by cannabis and how these effects are correlated to driving skills and performance.

Method: In this review, PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases were used to identify and select publications up to January 2017 dealing with acute and chronic neurocognitive effects induced by cannabis and ability to drive. Thirty-six publications were selected for this review. The studies conducted were experimental, using simulators or on-road studies and brain imaging (structural and functional) to better understand the acute and chronic effects on cognitive functions comprised in the short and long-term fitness to drive after cannabis consumption.

Conclusion: In a case-crossover self-report study a significant odds ratio increase was found for driving- related injury after combined exposure to cannabis and alcohol compared to cannabis alone (OR of 10.9 and 5.8 respectively). Both, experimental and epidemiological studies have revealed that THC affects negatively both, psychomotor skills and cognitive functions. Studies of the acute effects of cannabis on driving have shown that drivers under the influence of this substance are impaired. Indeed, driving under the influence of cannabis doubles or triples the risk of a crash. Specifically, cannabis use impairs critical-tracking tasks, increases lane weaving, decreases reaction time, and divided attention.

Cite this article as:

Busardò P. Francesco , Pellegrini Manuela , Klein Julia *, di Luca M. Natale , Neurocognitive Correlates in Driving Under the Influence of Cannabis, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2017; 16 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527316666170424115455

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527316666170424115455	Print ISSN 1871-5273
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1996-3181