Pharmacogenomic Challenges in Cardiovascular Diseases: Examples of Drugs and Considerations for Future Integration in Clinical Practice

Title:Pharmacogenomic Challenges in Cardiovascular Diseases: Examples of Drugs and Considerations for Future Integration in Clinical Practice

Volume: 18 Issue: 3

Author(s): Jerome Chatelin, Maria G. Stathopoulou, Alex-Ander A. Arguinano, Ting Xie and Sophie Visvikis-Siest*

Affiliation:

• UMR INSERM U1122 - Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Université de Lorraine, Rue Lionnois, 54000 Nancy,France

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, drugs, genome, environment interactions, gene interactions, omics, personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics.

Abstract: Introduction: Even if cardiovascular disease (CVD) drugs are supported by high level proofs, the results of CVD treatment present great disparities: there are still patients dying with supposed optimal treatment, patients facing adverse events and CVD remains the primary cause of death in the world. Pharmacogenomics is the basis of personalisation of the treatment able to allow higher medication success rates. In this review, we will present detailed examples of CVD drugs to highlight the complexity of this challenging field and we will discuss novel concepts that should be considered for a fastest integration of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice of CVD.

Areas Covered: The complexity of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics of CVD drugs are presented though examples of medications such as statins, with a focus on their effectiveness and adverse effects.

Expert Opinion: The application of personalised medicine in the CVD medical practice requires the study of human genome with regard to drugs pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, interactions and tolerance profile. The existing state –of-the-art of CVD drugs gives hopes for a future revolution in the drug development that will maximise cardiovascular patients benefit while decreasing their risks for adverse effects.

Article Highlights Box:

• Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the first cause of death worldwide. • Cardiovascular treatment has a significant percentage of insufficient efficacy, poor tolerance and compliance. • Predicting the response to therapy while diminishing the side effects is the basis of personalised medicine; pharmacogenomics is leading towards this direction. • The response to CVD therapy and side effects are in the heart of CVD pharmacogenomics and significant progress has been noted. • The application of pharmacogenomics in the CVD medical practice is facing many methodological, technical, ethical, behavioral and financial issues, while cost-effectiveness is the main prerequisite. • The consideration of gene × gene × environment interactions and the inclusion of “omics” data in pharmacogenomic studies of CVD drugs will facilitate the generation of reliable results and will promote tailored treatments and new strategies of drug research and development.

Cite this article as:

Chatelin Jerome, Stathopoulou G. Maria, Arguinano A. Alex-Ander, Xie Ting and Visvikis-Siest Sophie*, Pharmacogenomic Challenges in Cardiovascular Diseases: Examples of Drugs and Considerations for Future Integration in Clinical Practice, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2017; 18 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201018666170123153626

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201018666170123153626	Print ISSN 1389-2010
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1873-4316