Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity with persistent levels of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). The development of thrombosis in APS is mediated by aPLs and contributes to the high mortality rate in APS patients. However, although APS has been reported for more than 30 years, there has been no optimal regimen for its prevention or for the management of thrombosis, mainly because the mainstay treatment strategies for managing APS are not targeted towards aPL-mediated thrombotic pathophysiology. Instead, the treatments commonly used are aimed at general thrombotic disorders. Warfarin is the most commonly used vitamin K antagonist (VKA), in addition to anti-platelet medications, such as aspirin and clopidogrel. Over the last decade, novel non-VKA oral anticoagulants, including rivaroxaban, apixaban and dabigatran, as well as immunomodulatory agents, such as rituximab, eculizumab, hydroxychloroquine, statins and sirolimus, have also been used. In this review, we discuss the current treatment strategies and future treatment outlook for thrombotic APS.
Keywords: Antiphospholipid syndrome, antiphospholipid antibodies, thrombosis, treatment, anticoagulant, anti-platelet agents.
Graphical Abstract
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title:Thrombotic Management of Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Towards Novel Targeted Therapies
Volume: 15 Issue: 4
Author(s): Md. Asiful Islam*, Fahmida Alam, Kah Keng Wong, Mohammad Amjad Kamal and Siew Hua Gan*
Affiliation:
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan,Malaysia
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan,Malaysia
Keywords: Antiphospholipid syndrome, antiphospholipid antibodies, thrombosis, treatment, anticoagulant, anti-platelet agents.
Abstract: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity with persistent levels of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). The development of thrombosis in APS is mediated by aPLs and contributes to the high mortality rate in APS patients. However, although APS has been reported for more than 30 years, there has been no optimal regimen for its prevention or for the management of thrombosis, mainly because the mainstay treatment strategies for managing APS are not targeted towards aPL-mediated thrombotic pathophysiology. Instead, the treatments commonly used are aimed at general thrombotic disorders. Warfarin is the most commonly used vitamin K antagonist (VKA), in addition to anti-platelet medications, such as aspirin and clopidogrel. Over the last decade, novel non-VKA oral anticoagulants, including rivaroxaban, apixaban and dabigatran, as well as immunomodulatory agents, such as rituximab, eculizumab, hydroxychloroquine, statins and sirolimus, have also been used. In this review, we discuss the current treatment strategies and future treatment outlook for thrombotic APS.
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Cite this article as:
Islam Asiful Md.*, Alam Fahmida, Wong Keng Kah, Kamal Amjad Mohammad and Gan Hua Siew*, Thrombotic Management of Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Towards Novel Targeted Therapies, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2017; 15 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570161115666170105120931
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570161115666170105120931 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
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