Pharmacological Management Options to Prevent and Reduce Ischemic Hemorrhagic Transformation

Title:Pharmacological Management Options to Prevent and Reduce Ischemic Hemorrhagic Transformation

Volume: 18 Issue: 12

Author(s): Wing Mann Ho, Cesar Reis, Onat Akyol, Gokce Yilmaz Akyol, Richard Applegate II, Gary Stier, Robert Martin and John H. Zhang*

Affiliation:

• Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, 11234 Anderson Street, Room 2562B, Loma Linda, CA 92354,United States

Keywords: Cerebral ischemia, conversion, hemorrhagic transformation, prevention, stroke, treatment.

Abstract: Background: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a common and natural complication after acute ischemic stroke. The only FDA-approved treatment so far for acute ischemic stroke is rapid reperfusion with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA). Although it has been shown to exaggerate the risk and severity of HT and to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

Objective: The aim of this review is to discuss the multifactorial pathophysiology of hemorrhagic transformation, promising interventional targets, and pharmacological treatment options.

Results and Conclusion: Understanding HT is essential to restore cerebral blood flow to ischemic brain by reperfusion therapy without causing this complication and additional brain injury. Therefore methods for the prevention and treatment of HT are needed. Although experimental studies showed promising results, clinical translation remains unsatisfactory to date.

Cite this article as:

Ho Mann Wing, Reis Cesar, Akyol Onat, Akyol Yilmaz Gokce, Applegate II Richard, Stier Gary, Martin Robert and Zhang H. John*, Pharmacological Management Options to Prevent and Reduce Ischemic Hemorrhagic Transformation, Current Drug Targets 2017; 18 (12) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450117666160818115850

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450117666160818115850	Print ISSN 1389-4501
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1873-5592