Abstract
The intent of this article is to summarize current body of knowledge on the potential implication of the xanthine oxidase pathway (XO) on skeletal muscle damage. The possible involvement of the XO pathway in muscle damage is exemplified by the role of XO inhibitors (e.g., allopurinol) in attenuating muscle damage. Reliance on this pathway (as well as on the purine nucleotide cycle) could be exacerbated in conditions of low muscle glycogen availability. Thus, we also summarize current hypotheses on the etiology of both baseline and exertional muscle damage in McArdle disease, a condition caused by inherited deficiency of myophosphorylase. Because myophosphorylase catalyzes the first step of muscle glycogen breakdown, patients are unable to obtain energy from their muscle glycogen stores. Finally, we provide preliminary data from our laboratory on the potential implication of the XO pathway in the muscle damage that is commonly experienced by these patients.
Keywords: McArdle disease, xanthine oxidase, muscle damage, rhabdomyolysis, oxidative stress.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Xanthine Oxidase Pathway and Muscle Damage. Insights from McArdle Disease
Volume: 22 Issue: 18
Author(s): Helios Pareja-Galeano, Alejandro Santos-Lozano, María Morán, Fabian Sanchis-Gomar, Rafael Alis, Alfredo Santalla, Alejandro F. San Juan, Jorge Díez-Bermejo, Miguel A. Martín, Joaquín Arenas and Alejandro Lucia
Affiliation:
Keywords: McArdle disease, xanthine oxidase, muscle damage, rhabdomyolysis, oxidative stress.
Abstract: The intent of this article is to summarize current body of knowledge on the potential implication of the xanthine oxidase pathway (XO) on skeletal muscle damage. The possible involvement of the XO pathway in muscle damage is exemplified by the role of XO inhibitors (e.g., allopurinol) in attenuating muscle damage. Reliance on this pathway (as well as on the purine nucleotide cycle) could be exacerbated in conditions of low muscle glycogen availability. Thus, we also summarize current hypotheses on the etiology of both baseline and exertional muscle damage in McArdle disease, a condition caused by inherited deficiency of myophosphorylase. Because myophosphorylase catalyzes the first step of muscle glycogen breakdown, patients are unable to obtain energy from their muscle glycogen stores. Finally, we provide preliminary data from our laboratory on the potential implication of the XO pathway in the muscle damage that is commonly experienced by these patients.
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Pareja-Galeano Helios, Santos-Lozano Alejandro, Morán María, Sanchis-Gomar Fabian, Alis Rafael, Santalla Alfredo, F. San Juan Alejandro, Díez-Bermejo Jorge, A. Martín Miguel, Arenas Joaquín and Lucia Alejandro, Xanthine Oxidase Pathway and Muscle Damage. Insights from McArdle Disease, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2016; 22 (18) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160210144419
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160210144419 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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