Abstract
Myocarditis, which is commonly known as heart inflammation, is a multifaceted disease that includes at least three phases. The host’s immune system is mostly active during the first viral and the second autoimmune phase, when several inflammatory pathways are activated. One of the pivotal transcription factors that regulate immune responses is the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). If, on one side, the acute response to heart injury activates the production of inflammatory cytokines to protect and limit host damage, on the other side sustained and long-term inflammation is one of the leading causes of cardiac hypertrophy and chronic heart failure. An update on the current knowledge of inhibitors and treatments that limit excessive inflammation in experimental and viral autoimmune myocarditis, and therapeutic approaches to cure patients with myocarditis, are described and discussed in this review.
Keywords: Myocarditis, NF-κB p65, cytokines, inhibitors.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Drugs Targeting the Canonical NF-κB Pathway to Treat Viral and Autoimmune Myocarditis
Volume: 22 Issue: 4
Author(s): Alan Valaperti
Affiliation:
Keywords: Myocarditis, NF-κB p65, cytokines, inhibitors.
Abstract: Myocarditis, which is commonly known as heart inflammation, is a multifaceted disease that includes at least three phases. The host’s immune system is mostly active during the first viral and the second autoimmune phase, when several inflammatory pathways are activated. One of the pivotal transcription factors that regulate immune responses is the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). If, on one side, the acute response to heart injury activates the production of inflammatory cytokines to protect and limit host damage, on the other side sustained and long-term inflammation is one of the leading causes of cardiac hypertrophy and chronic heart failure. An update on the current knowledge of inhibitors and treatments that limit excessive inflammation in experimental and viral autoimmune myocarditis, and therapeutic approaches to cure patients with myocarditis, are described and discussed in this review.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Valaperti Alan, Drugs Targeting the Canonical NF-κB Pathway to Treat Viral and Autoimmune Myocarditis, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2016; 22 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666151222160409
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666151222160409 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Polypharmacy- Purpose, Benefits and Limitations
Current Medicinal Chemistry Renin-Angiotensin System in Diabetes
Protein & Peptide Letters Thienopyridines in Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: Standard Procedures and High Risk Subsets
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeting Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) to Counteract Tumour- Induced ImmuneDysfunction: From Biochemistry to Clinical Development
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Entirely Subcutaneous Defibrillator (S-Icd): State of the Art and Selection of the Ideal Candidate
Current Cardiology Reviews Chemistry and Pharmacology of Bioactive Molecule -Coenzyme Q10: A Brief Note
Current Bioactive Compounds Cardiac Gene Therapy: Therapeutic Potential and Current Progress
Current Gene Therapy New Insights into HLA-G and Inflammatory Diseases
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Altered Calmodulin Degradation and Signaling in Non-Neuronal Cells from Alzheimer’s Disease Patients
Current Alzheimer Research Infants and Children with Tachycardia: Natural History and Drug Administration
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cardiac Regeneration by Progenitor Cells: What Is It Known as and What Is It Still to Be Known as?
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cardiac and Muscular Involvement in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: Noninvasive Diagnostic Assessment and the Role of Cardiovascular and Skeletal Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Biomarkers in Acute Heart Failure Syndromes: An Update
Current Cardiology Reviews Cardiac Tissue Engineering
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Reversal of Cardiac Iron Loading and Dysfunction in Thalassemic Mice by Curcuminoids
Medicinal Chemistry Utility of the Electrocardiogram in Drug Overdose and Poisoning: Theoretical Considerations and Clinical Implications
Current Cardiology Reviews High-Density Lipoprotein at the Interface of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Cardiovascular Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Modulating Non-epigenetic Players: The Novel Mechanism for Small Molecule Based Therapeutic Intervention
Current Drug Targets LCHAD and MTP Deficiencies - Two Disorders of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation with Unusual Features
Current Pediatric Reviews Animal Modeling of Cancer Pathology and Studying Tumor Response to Therapy
Current Drug Targets