Abstract
DNA methylation in eukaryotes invokes heritable alterations of the of the cytosine base in DNA without changing the underlying genomic DNA sequence. DNA methylationmay be modified by environmental exposures as well as gene polymorphisms and may be a mechanistic link between environmental risk factors and the development of disease. In this review, we consider the role of DNA methylation in bone cells (osteoclasts/osteoblasts/osteocytes) and their progenitorswith special focus on in vitro and ex vivo analyses. The number of studies on DNA methylation in bone cells is still somewhat limited, nevertheless it is getting increasingly clear that this type of the epigenetic changes is a critical regulator of gene expression. DNA methylation is necessary for proper development and function of bone cells and is accompanied by disease characteristic functional alterations as presently reviewed including postmenopausal osteoporosis and mechanical strain.
Keywords: Bone, Osteoblast, DNA methylation, Osteoporosis, Wnt, Osteoclast, Epigenetics.
Graphical Abstract
Current Genomics
Title:The Influence of DNA Methylation on Bone Cells
Volume: 16 Issue: 6
Author(s): Sjur Reppe, Harish Datta and Kaare M. Gautvik
Affiliation:
Keywords: Bone, Osteoblast, DNA methylation, Osteoporosis, Wnt, Osteoclast, Epigenetics.
Abstract: DNA methylation in eukaryotes invokes heritable alterations of the of the cytosine base in DNA without changing the underlying genomic DNA sequence. DNA methylationmay be modified by environmental exposures as well as gene polymorphisms and may be a mechanistic link between environmental risk factors and the development of disease. In this review, we consider the role of DNA methylation in bone cells (osteoclasts/osteoblasts/osteocytes) and their progenitorswith special focus on in vitro and ex vivo analyses. The number of studies on DNA methylation in bone cells is still somewhat limited, nevertheless it is getting increasingly clear that this type of the epigenetic changes is a critical regulator of gene expression. DNA methylation is necessary for proper development and function of bone cells and is accompanied by disease characteristic functional alterations as presently reviewed including postmenopausal osteoporosis and mechanical strain.
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Cite this article as:
Reppe Sjur, Datta Harish and Gautvik M. Kaare, The Influence of DNA Methylation on Bone Cells, Current Genomics 2015; 16 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202916666150817202913
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202916666150817202913 |
Print ISSN 1389-2029 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5488 |
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