Abstract
Vitamin D and its active form 1α,25(OH)2D3 has been recently indicated to have a fundamental role in immune regulation. An interplay between gut and white adipose tissue (WAT), mainly mediated by enterogastric hormones and adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin and ghrelin, actively participate in the immune homeostasis and modulation both of the innate/acquired immune response and between T-cell effector/T-cell regulatory skewing. Particularly for leptin, this action promotes and enhances immune tolerance at the gut level and pro-inflammatory effect at WAT level, while calcitriol participates in promoting and increasing an M2 macrophage-like skewing, a T-reg activity at WAT level and a iNKT function at gut level. The role of active vitamin D3 therefore is fundamental in the immune homeostasis of the WAT immune microenvironment and to support the role of WAT as an endocrine, tolerogenic organ.
Keywords: Calcitriol, leptin, T-reg cells, tolerance, vitamin D, white adipose tissue.
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:The role of vitamin D towards immune tolerance in white adipose tissue (WAT)
Volume: 15 Issue: 4
Author(s): Salvatore Chirumbolo
Affiliation:
Keywords: Calcitriol, leptin, T-reg cells, tolerance, vitamin D, white adipose tissue.
Abstract: Vitamin D and its active form 1α,25(OH)2D3 has been recently indicated to have a fundamental role in immune regulation. An interplay between gut and white adipose tissue (WAT), mainly mediated by enterogastric hormones and adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin and ghrelin, actively participate in the immune homeostasis and modulation both of the innate/acquired immune response and between T-cell effector/T-cell regulatory skewing. Particularly for leptin, this action promotes and enhances immune tolerance at the gut level and pro-inflammatory effect at WAT level, while calcitriol participates in promoting and increasing an M2 macrophage-like skewing, a T-reg activity at WAT level and a iNKT function at gut level. The role of active vitamin D3 therefore is fundamental in the immune homeostasis of the WAT immune microenvironment and to support the role of WAT as an endocrine, tolerogenic organ.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Chirumbolo Salvatore, The role of vitamin D towards immune tolerance in white adipose tissue (WAT), Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 2015; 15 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530315666150701113811
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530315666150701113811 |
Print ISSN 1871-5303 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3873 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Phosphodiesterase: An Interface Connecting Cognitive Deficits to Neuropsychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Preclinical Studies and Clinical Trials with Mesenchymal Stem Cell for Demyelinating Diseases: A Systematic Review
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy CCR1 Chemokine Receptor Antagonist
Current Pharmaceutical Design TCR Peptide Vaccination in Multiple Sclerosis: Boosting a Deficient Natural Regulatory Network that may Involve TCR-Specific CD4+CD25+ Treg Cells
Current Drug Targets - Inflammation & Allergy Schistosoma mansoni Antigens as Modulators of the Allergic Inflammatory Response in Asthma
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Effects of D-aspartate on Neurosteroids, Neurosteroid Receptors, and Inflammatory Mediators in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets A Rational Approach on the Use of Sex Steroids in Multiple Sclerosis
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Glitazones, PPAR-γ and Neuroprotection
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Complementary Peptide Epitopes and Antiidiotypic Antibodies in Autoimmunity
Protein & Peptide Letters Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors in the Central Nervous and Immune Systems
Current Drug Targets P2Y Receptors in the Mammalian Nervous System: Pharmacology, Ligands and Therapeutic Potential
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets The CCL2/CCR2 Axis in the Pathogenesis of HIV-1 Infection: A New Cellular Target for Therapy?
Current Drug Targets Targeting Lentiviral Vectors for Cancer Immunotherapy
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Future Therapeutic Strategies in Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy: Insights from the Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis Model
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Dystroglycan, A Multifunctional Adaptor Protein for Signal Transduction and A Potential Therapeutic Target
Current Signal Transduction Therapy The Influence of Erythropoietin and Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Development of Cerebral Palsy
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) The Use of the Inhibitory Receptors for Modulating the Immune Responses
Current Pharmaceutical Design Impact of MCP -1 in Atherosclerosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design PET Radioligands for In Vivo Visualization of Neuroinflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Immunosuppressive Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Advances and Applications
Current Molecular Medicine